Auto merge of #83726 - the8472:large-trustedlen-fail-fast, r=kennytm

panic early when `TrustedLen` indicates a `length > usize::MAX`

Changes `TrustedLen` specializations to immediately panic when `size_hint().1 == None`.

As far as I can tell this is ~not a change~ a minimal change in observable behavior for anything except ZSTs because the fallback path would go through `extend_desugared()` which tries to `reserve(lower_bound)` which already is `usize::MAX` and that would also lead to a panic. Before it might have popped somewhere between zero and a few elements from the iterator before panicking while it now panics immediately.

Overall this should reduce codegen by eliminating the fallback paths.

While looking into the `with_capacity()` behavior I also noticed that its documentation didn't have a *Panics* section, so I added that.

library/alloc/src/rc.rs

@@ -1848,8 +1848,11 @@ fn to_rc_slice(self) -> Rc<[T]> {
                 Rc::from_iter_exact(self, low)
             }
         } else {
-            // Fall back to normal implementation.
-            self.collect::<Vec<T>>().into()
+            // TrustedLen contract guarantees that `upper_bound == `None` implies an iterator
+            // length exceeding `usize::MAX`.
+            // The default implementation would collect into a vec which would panic.
+            // Thus we panic here immediately without invoking `Vec` code.
+            panic!("capacity overflow");
         }
     }
 }

library/alloc/src/sync.rs

@@ -2481,8 +2481,11 @@ fn to_arc_slice(self) -> Arc<[T]> {
                 Arc::from_iter_exact(self, low)
             }
         } else {
-            // Fall back to normal implementation.
-            self.collect::<Vec<T>>().into()
+            // TrustedLen contract guarantees that `upper_bound == `None` implies an iterator
+            // length exceeding `usize::MAX`.
+            // The default implementation would collect into a vec which would panic.
+            // Thus we panic here immediately without invoking `Vec` code.
+            panic!("capacity overflow");
         }
     }
 }

library/alloc/src/vec/mod.rs

@@ -410,6 +410,10 @@ pub const fn new() -> Self {
     ///
     /// [Capacity and reallocation]: #capacity-and-reallocation
     ///
+    /// # Panics
+    ///
+    /// Panics if the new capacity exceeds `isize::MAX` bytes.
+    ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
@@ -541,6 +545,10 @@ pub const fn new_in(alloc: A) -> Self {
     ///
     /// [Capacity and reallocation]: #capacity-and-reallocation
     ///
+    /// # Panics
+    ///
+    /// Panics if the new capacity exceeds `isize::MAX` bytes.
+    ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```

library/alloc/src/vec/spec_extend.rs

@@ -47,7 +47,12 @@ impl<T, I, A: Allocator> SpecExtend<T, I> for Vec<T, A>
                 });
             }
         } else {
-            self.extend_desugared(iterator)
+            // Per TrustedLen contract a `None` upper bound means that the iterator length
+            // truly exceeds usize::MAX, which would eventually lead to a capacity overflow anyway.
+            // Since the other branch already panics eagerly (via `reserve()`) we do the same here.
+            // This avoids additional codegen for a fallback code path which would eventually
+            // panic anyway.
+            panic!("capacity overflow");
         }
     }
 }

library/alloc/src/vec/spec_from_iter_nested.rs

@@ -46,10 +46,13 @@ impl<T, I> SpecFromIterNested<T, I> for Vec<T>
     fn from_iter(iterator: I) -> Self {
         let mut vector = match iterator.size_hint() {
             (_, Some(upper)) => Vec::with_capacity(upper),
-            _ => Vec::new(),
+            // TrustedLen contract guarantees that `size_hint() == (_, None)` means that there
+            // are more than `usize::MAX` elements.
+            // Since the previous branch would eagerly panic if the capacity is too large
+            // (via `with_capacity`) we do the same here.
+            _ => panic!("capacity overflow"),
         };
-        // must delegate to spec_extend() since extend() itself delegates
-        // to spec_from for empty Vecs
+        // reuse extend specialization for TrustedLen
         vector.spec_extend(iterator);
         vector
     }