mirror of
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust.git
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doc: Update .pot files
This commit is contained in:
gifnksm
+914
-970
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
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msgid ""
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msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:47+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-08-12 02:06+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
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||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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#. type: Plain text
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||||
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ msgid ""
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||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:74 doc/rust.md:417 doc/rust.md:487
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#: doc/rust.md:74 doc/rust.md:416 doc/rust.md:486
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msgid "~~~~~~~~"
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msgstr ""
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@@ -454,27 +454,27 @@ msgid "The keywords are the following strings:"
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msgstr ""
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#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:223
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#: doc/rust.md:222
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msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.keyword} as break copy do else enum extern false fn for if impl "
|
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"let loop match mod mut priv pub ref return self static struct super true "
|
||||
"trait type unsafe use while ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.keyword} as break do else enum extern false fn for if impl let "
|
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"loop match mod mut priv pub ref return self static struct super true trait "
|
||||
"type unsafe use while ~~~~~~~~"
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msgstr ""
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||||
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||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:226
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#: doc/rust.md:225
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msgid ""
|
||||
"Each of these keywords has special meaning in its grammar, and all of them "
|
||||
"are excluded from the `ident` rule."
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msgstr ""
|
||||
|
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#. type: Plain text
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:228
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#: doc/rust.md:227
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msgid "### Literals"
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msgstr ""
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||||
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#. type: Plain text
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:234
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#: doc/rust.md:233
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||||
msgid ""
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||||
"A literal is an expression consisting of a single token, rather than a "
|
||||
"sequence of tokens, that immediately and directly denotes the value it "
|
||||
@@ -484,25 +484,25 @@ msgid ""
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||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:238
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#: doc/rust.md:237
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msgid ""
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||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram} literal : string_lit | char_lit | num_lit ; ~~~~~~~~"
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msgstr ""
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#. type: Plain text
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:240
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#: doc/rust.md:239
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msgid "#### Character and string literals"
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msgstr ""
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#. type: Plain text
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:244
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#: doc/rust.md:243
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msgid ""
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||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram} char_lit : '\\x27' char_body '\\x27' ; string_lit : "
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"'\"' string_body * '\"' ;"
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msgstr ""
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||||
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#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:247
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:246
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#, no-wrap
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msgid ""
|
||||
"char_body : non_single_quote\n"
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@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ msgid ""
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||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
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#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:250
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:249
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||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"string_body : non_double_quote\n"
|
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@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
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#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:256
|
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#: doc/rust.md:255
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||||
#, no-wrap
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||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"common_escape : '\\x5c'\n"
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@@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:264
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:263
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||||
#, no-wrap
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||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"hex_digit : 'a' | 'b' | 'c' | 'd' | 'e' | 'f'\n"
|
||||
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:268
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:267
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _character literal_ is a single Unicode character enclosed within two `U"
|
||||
"+0027` (single-quote) characters, with the exception of `U+0027` itself, "
|
||||
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:272
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:271
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _string literal_ is a sequence of any Unicode characters enclosed within "
|
||||
"two `U+0022` (double-quote) characters, with the exception of `U+0022` "
|
||||
@@ -558,7 +558,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:276
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:275
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Some additional _escapes_ are available in either character or string "
|
||||
"literals. An escape starts with a `U+005C` (`\\`) and continues with one of "
|
||||
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:291
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:290
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _8-bit codepoint escape_ escape starts with `U+0078` (`x`) and is "
|
||||
"followed by exactly two _hex digits_. It denotes the Unicode codepoint equal "
|
||||
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:291
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:290
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _16-bit codepoint escape_ starts with `U+0075` (`u`) and is followed by "
|
||||
"exactly four _hex digits_. It denotes the Unicode codepoint equal to the "
|
||||
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:291
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:290
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _32-bit codepoint escape_ starts with `U+0055` (`U`) and is followed by "
|
||||
"exactly eight _hex digits_. It denotes the Unicode codepoint equal to the "
|
||||
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:291
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:290
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _whitespace escape_ is one of the characters `U+006E` (`n`), `U+0072` "
|
||||
"(`r`), or `U+0074` (`t`), denoting the unicode values `U+000A` (LF), `U"
|
||||
@@ -598,24 +598,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:291
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:290
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The _backslash escape_ is the character U+005C (`\\`) which must be escaped "
|
||||
"in order to denote *itself*."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:293
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:292
|
||||
msgid "#### Number literals"
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||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:295 doc/rust.md:407 doc/rust.md:474
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:294 doc/rust.md:406 doc/rust.md:473
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||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram}"
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||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:300
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:299
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"num_lit : nonzero_dec [ dec_digit | '_' ] * num_suffix ?\n"
|
||||
@@ -625,12 +625,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:302
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||||
#: doc/rust.md:301
|
||||
msgid "num_suffix : int_suffix | float_suffix ;"
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||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:306
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:305
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||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"int_suffix : 'u' int_suffix_size ?\n"
|
||||
@@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:312
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:311
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"float_suffix : [ exponent | '.' dec_lit exponent ? ] ? float_suffix_ty ? ; "
|
||||
"float_suffix_ty : 'f' [ '3' '2' | '6' '4' ] ; exponent : ['E' | 'e'] ['-' | "
|
||||
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:316
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:315
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _number literal_ is either an _integer literal_ or a _floating-point "
|
||||
"literal_. The grammar for recognizing the two kinds of literals is mixed, as "
|
||||
@@ -655,38 +655,38 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:318
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:317
|
||||
msgid "##### Integer literals"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:320
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:319
|
||||
msgid "An _integer literal_ has one of three forms:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:327
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:326
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _decimal literal_ starts with a *decimal digit* and continues with any "
|
||||
"mixture of *decimal digits* and _underscores_."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:327
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:326
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _hex literal_ starts with the character sequence `U+0030` `U+0078` (`0x`) "
|
||||
"and continues as any mixture hex digits and underscores."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:327
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:326
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _binary literal_ starts with the character sequence `U+0030` `U+0062` "
|
||||
"(`0b`) and continues as any mixture binary digits and underscores."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:331
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:330
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An integer literal may be followed (immediately, without any spaces) by an "
|
||||
"_integer suffix_, which changes the type of the literal. There are two kinds "
|
||||
@@ -694,13 +694,13 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:337
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:336
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `i` and `u` suffixes give the literal type `int` or `uint`, respectively."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:337
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:336
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Each of the signed and unsigned machine types `u8`, `i8`, `u16`, `i16`, "
|
||||
"`u32`, `i32`, `u64` and `i64` give the literal the corresponding machine "
|
||||
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:344
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:343
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The type of an _unsuffixed_ integer literal is determined by type "
|
||||
"inference. If a integer type can be _uniquely_ determined from the "
|
||||
@@ -719,12 +719,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:346
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:345
|
||||
msgid "Examples of integer literals of various forms:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:351
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:350
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -734,7 +734,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:357
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:356
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"123u; // type uint\n"
|
||||
@@ -745,29 +745,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:359
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:358
|
||||
msgid "##### Floating-point literals"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:361
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:360
|
||||
msgid "A _floating-point literal_ has one of two forms:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:366
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:365
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Two _decimal literals_ separated by a period character `U+002E` (`.`), with "
|
||||
"an optional _exponent_ trailing after the second decimal literal."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:366
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:365
|
||||
msgid "A single _decimal literal_ followed by an _exponent_."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:373
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:372
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"By default, a floating-point literal is of type `float`. A floating-point "
|
||||
"literal may be followed (immediately, without any spaces) by a _floating-"
|
||||
@@ -777,12 +777,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:375
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:374
|
||||
msgid "Examples of floating-point literals of various forms:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:383
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:382
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -795,12 +795,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:385
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:384
|
||||
msgid "##### Unit and boolean literals"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:388
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:387
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The _unit value_, the only value of the type that has the same name, is "
|
||||
"written as `()`. The two values of the boolean type are written `true` and "
|
||||
@@ -808,12 +808,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:390
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:389
|
||||
msgid "### Symbols"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:396
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:395
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram}\n"
|
||||
@@ -824,7 +824,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:402
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:401
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Symbols are a general class of printable [token](#tokens) that play "
|
||||
"structural roles in a variety of grammar productions. They are catalogued "
|
||||
@@ -835,12 +835,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:405
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:404
|
||||
msgid "## Paths"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:411
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:410
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"expr_path : ident [ \"::\" expr_path_tail ] + ;\n"
|
||||
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:415
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:414
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"type_path : ident [ type_path_tail ] + ;\n"
|
||||
@@ -858,7 +858,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:422
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:421
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _path_ is a sequence of one or more path components _logically_ separated "
|
||||
"by a namespace qualifier (`::`). If a path consists of only one component, "
|
||||
@@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:426
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:425
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Every item has a _canonical path_ within its crate, but the path naming an "
|
||||
"item is only meaningful within a given crate. There is no global namespace "
|
||||
@@ -876,17 +876,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:428
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:427
|
||||
msgid "Two examples of simple paths consisting of only identifier components:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:433
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:432
|
||||
msgid "~~~~{.ignore} x; x::y::z; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:439
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Path components are usually [identifiers](#identifiers), but the trailing "
|
||||
"component of a path may be an angle-bracket-enclosed list of type arguments. "
|
||||
@@ -897,18 +897,18 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:442
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:441
|
||||
msgid "Two examples of paths with type arguments:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:451
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:450
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::hashmap::HashMap;\n"
|
||||
"# fn f() {\n"
|
||||
"# fn id<T:Copy>(t: T) -> T { t }\n"
|
||||
"# fn id<T>(t: T) -> T { t }\n"
|
||||
"type t = HashMap<int,~str>; // Type arguments used in a type expression\n"
|
||||
"let x = id::<int>(10); // Type arguments used in a call expression\n"
|
||||
"# }\n"
|
||||
@@ -916,12 +916,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:453
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:452
|
||||
msgid "# Syntax extensions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:458
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:457
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A number of minor features of Rust are not central enough to have their own "
|
||||
"syntax, and yet are not implementable as functions. Instead, they are given "
|
||||
@@ -930,60 +930,60 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid "`fmt!` : format data into a string"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid "`env!` : look up an environment variable's value at compile time"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid "`stringify!` : pretty-print the Rust expression given as an argument"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid "`proto!` : define a protocol for inter-task communication"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid "`include!` : include the Rust expression in the given file"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid "`include_str!` : include the contents of the given file as a string"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`include_bin!` : include the contents of the given file as a binary blob"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:466
|
||||
msgid "`error!`, `warn!`, `info!`, `debug!` : provide diagnostic information."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:470
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:469
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"All of the above extensions, with the exception of `proto!`, are expressions "
|
||||
"with values. `proto!` is an item, defining a new name."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:472
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:471
|
||||
msgid "## Macros"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:485
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:484
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"expr_macro_rules : \"macro_rules\" '!' ident '(' macro_rule * ')'\n"
|
||||
@@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:491
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:490
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"User-defined syntax extensions are called \"macros\", and the `macro_rules` "
|
||||
"syntax extension defines them. Currently, user-defined macros can expand to "
|
||||
@@ -1007,14 +1007,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:494
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:493
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"(A `sep_token` is any token other than `*` and `+`. A `non_special_token` "
|
||||
"is any token other than a delimiter or `$`.)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:500
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:499
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The macro expander looks up macro invocations by name, and tries each macro "
|
||||
"rule in turn. It transcribes the first successful match. Matching and "
|
||||
@@ -1023,12 +1023,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:502
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:501
|
||||
msgid "### Macro By Example"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:505
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:504
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The macro expander matches and transcribes every token that does not begin "
|
||||
"with a `$` literally, including delimiters. For parsing reasons, delimiters "
|
||||
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:511
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:510
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In the matcher, `$` _name_ `:` _designator_ matches the nonterminal in the "
|
||||
"Rust syntax named by _designator_. Valid designators are `item`, `block`, "
|
||||
@@ -1047,7 +1047,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:520
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:519
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In both the matcher and transcriber, the Kleene star-like operator indicates "
|
||||
"repetition. The Kleene star operator consists of `$` and parens, optionally "
|
||||
@@ -1060,7 +1060,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:526
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:525
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The rules for transcription of these repetitions are called \"Macro By "
|
||||
"Example\". Essentially, one \"layer\" of repetition is discharged at a "
|
||||
@@ -1070,7 +1070,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:534
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:533
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When Macro By Example encounters a repetition, it examines all of the `$` "
|
||||
"_name_ s that occur in its body. At the \"current layer\", they all must "
|
||||
@@ -1081,24 +1081,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:536
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:535
|
||||
msgid "Nested repetitions are allowed."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:538
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:537
|
||||
msgid "### Parsing limitations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:541
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:540
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The parser used by the macro system is reasonably powerful, but the parsing "
|
||||
"of Rust syntax is restricted in two ways:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:547
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:546
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"1. The parser will always parse as much as possible. If it attempts to match\n"
|
||||
@@ -1109,40 +1109,40 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:550
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:549
|
||||
msgid "## Syntax extensions useful for the macro author"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:555
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:554
|
||||
msgid "`log_syntax!` : print out the arguments at compile time"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:555
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:554
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`trace_macros!` : supply `true` or `false` to enable or disable macro "
|
||||
"expansion logging"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:555
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:554
|
||||
msgid "`stringify!` : turn the identifier argument into a string literal"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:555
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:554
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`concat_idents!` : create a new identifier by concatenating the arguments"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:557
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:556
|
||||
msgid "# Crates and source files"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:564
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:563
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust is a *compiled* language. Its semantics obey a *phase distinction* "
|
||||
"between compile-time and run-time. Those semantic rules that have a *static "
|
||||
@@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:570
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:569
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The compilation model centres on artifacts called _crates_. Each "
|
||||
"compilation processes a single crate in source form, and if successful, "
|
||||
@@ -1166,7 +1166,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:574
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:573
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _crate_ is a unit of compilation and linking, as well as versioning, "
|
||||
"distribution and runtime loading. A crate contains a _tree_ of nested "
|
||||
@@ -1177,17 +1177,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:579
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:577
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust compiler is always invoked with a single source file as input, and "
|
||||
"always produces a single output crate. The processing of that source file "
|
||||
"may result in other source files being loaded as modules. Source files "
|
||||
"typically have the extension `.rs` but, by convention, source files that "
|
||||
"represent crates have the extension `.rc`, called *crate files*."
|
||||
"may result in other source files being loaded as modules. Source files have "
|
||||
"the extension `.rs`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:584
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:582
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A Rust source file describes a module, the name and location of which -- in "
|
||||
"the module tree of the current crate -- are defined from outside the source "
|
||||
@@ -1196,7 +1195,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:589
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:587
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Each source file contains a sequence of zero or more `item` definitions, and "
|
||||
"may optionally begin with any number of `attributes` that apply to the "
|
||||
@@ -1205,7 +1204,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:595
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:593
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1216,24 +1215,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:600
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:598
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Additional metadata attributes #[ desc = \"Project X\" ]; #[ license = "
|
||||
"\"BSD\" ]; #[ author = \"Jane Doe\" ];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:603
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:601
|
||||
msgid "// Specify the output type #[ crate_type = \"lib\" ];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:607
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:605
|
||||
msgid "// Turn on a warning #[ warn(non_camel_case_types) ]; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:610
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:608
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A crate that contains a `main` function can be compiled to an executable. "
|
||||
"If a `main` function is present, its return type must be [`unit`](#primitive-"
|
||||
@@ -1241,24 +1240,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:613
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:611
|
||||
msgid "# Items and attributes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:616
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:614
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Crates contain [items](#items), each of which may have some number of "
|
||||
"[attributes](#attributes) attached to it."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:618
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:616
|
||||
msgid "## Items"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:623
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:621
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram}\n"
|
||||
@@ -1268,7 +1267,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:629
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:627
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _item_ is a component of a crate; some module items can be defined in "
|
||||
"crate files, but most are defined in source files. Items are organized "
|
||||
@@ -1278,59 +1277,59 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:632
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:630
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Items are entirely determined at compile-time, generally remain fixed during "
|
||||
"execution, and may reside in read-only memory."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:634
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:632
|
||||
msgid "There are several kinds of item:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[modules](#modules)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[functions](#functions)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[type definitions](#type-definitions)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[structures](#structures)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[enumerations](#enumerations)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[static items](#static-items)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[traits](#traits)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:641
|
||||
msgid "[implementations](#implementations)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:653
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:651
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Some items form an implicit scope for the declaration of sub-items. In other "
|
||||
"words, within a function or module, declarations of items can (in many "
|
||||
@@ -1344,12 +1343,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:655
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:653
|
||||
msgid "### Type Parameters"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:664
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:662
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"All items except modules may be *parameterized* by type. Type parameters are "
|
||||
"given as a comma-separated list of identifiers enclosed in angle brackets "
|
||||
@@ -1365,19 +1364,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:666
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:664
|
||||
msgid "### Modules"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:671
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:669
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram} mod_item : \"mod\" ident ( ';' | '{' mod '}' ); mod : "
|
||||
"[ view_item | item ] * ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:676
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:674
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A module is a container for zero or more [view items](#view-items) and zero "
|
||||
"or more [items](#items). The view items manage the visibility of the items "
|
||||
@@ -1386,7 +1385,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:680
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:678
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _module item_ is a module, surrounded in braces, named, and prefixed with "
|
||||
"the keyword `mod`. A module item introduces a new, named module into the "
|
||||
@@ -1394,12 +1393,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:682
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:680
|
||||
msgid "An example of a module:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:700
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:698
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1422,7 +1421,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:705
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:703
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Modules and types share the same namespace. Declaring a named type that has "
|
||||
"the same name as a module in scope is forbidden: that is, a type definition, "
|
||||
@@ -1431,7 +1430,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:710
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:708
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A module without a body is loaded from an external file, by default with the "
|
||||
"same name as the module, plus the `.rs` extension. When a nested submodule "
|
||||
@@ -1440,12 +1439,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:714
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:712
|
||||
msgid "~~~ {.xfail-test} // Load the `vec` module from `vec.rs` mod vec;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:720
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:718
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"mod task {\n"
|
||||
@@ -1456,14 +1455,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:723
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:721
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The directories and files used for loading external file modules can be "
|
||||
"influenced with the `path` attribute."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:732
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:730
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -1477,18 +1476,18 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:734
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:732
|
||||
msgid "#### View items"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:738
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:736
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram} view_item : extern_mod_decl | use_decl ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:742
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:740
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A view item manages the namespace of a module. View items do not define new "
|
||||
"items, but rather, simply change other items' visibility. There are several "
|
||||
@@ -1496,30 +1495,30 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:745
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:743
|
||||
msgid "[`extern mod` declarations](#extern-mod-declarations)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:745
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:743
|
||||
msgid "[`use` declarations](#use-declarations)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:747
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:745
|
||||
msgid "##### Extern mod declarations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:753
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:751
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram} extern_mod_decl : \"extern\" \"mod\" ident [ '(' "
|
||||
"link_attrs ')' ] ? ; link_attrs : link_attr [ ',' link_attrs ] + ; "
|
||||
"link_attr : ident '=' literal ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
"link_attrs ')' ] ? [ '=' string_lit ] ? ; link_attrs : link_attr [ ',' "
|
||||
"link_attrs ] + ; link_attr : ident '=' literal ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:757
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:755
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _`extern mod` declaration_ specifies a dependency on an external crate. "
|
||||
"The external crate is then bound into the declaring scope as the `ident` "
|
||||
@@ -1531,45 +1530,64 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The external crate is resolved to a specific `soname` at compile time, and a "
|
||||
"runtime linkage requirement to that `soname` is passed to the linker for "
|
||||
"loading at runtime. The `soname` is resolved at compile time by scanning the "
|
||||
"compiler's library path and matching the `link_attrs` provided in the "
|
||||
"loading at runtime. The `soname` is resolved at compile time by scanning "
|
||||
"the compiler's library path and matching the `link_attrs` provided in the "
|
||||
"`use_decl` against any `#link` attributes that were declared on the external "
|
||||
"crate when it was compiled. If no `link_attrs` are provided, a default "
|
||||
"crate when it was compiled. If no `link_attrs` are provided, a default "
|
||||
"`name` attribute is assumed, equal to the `ident` given in the `use_decl`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:767
|
||||
msgid "Three examples of `extern mod` declarations:"
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:775
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Optionally, an identifier in an `extern mod` declaration may be followed by "
|
||||
"an equals sign, then a string literal denoting a relative path on the "
|
||||
"filesystem. This path should exist in one of the directories in the Rust "
|
||||
"path, which by default contains the `.rust` subdirectory of the current "
|
||||
"directory and each of its parents, as well as any directories in the colon-"
|
||||
"separated (or semicolon-separated on Windows) list of paths that is the "
|
||||
"`RUST_PATH` environment variable. The meaning of `extern mod a = \"b/c/d\";"
|
||||
"`, supposing that `/a` is in the RUST_PATH, is that the name `a` should be "
|
||||
"taken as a reference to the crate whose absolute location is `/a/b/c/d`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:770
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:777
|
||||
msgid "Four examples of `extern mod` declarations:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:780
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.xfail-test} extern mod pcre (uuid = \"54aba0f8-"
|
||||
"a7b1-4beb-92f1-4cf625264841\");"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:772
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:782
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"extern mod extra; // equivalent to: extern mod extra ( name = \"extra\" );"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:775
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:784
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"extern mod rustextra (name = \"extra\"); // linking to 'extra' under another "
|
||||
"name ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
"name"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:777
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:787
|
||||
msgid "extern mod complicated_mod = \"some-file/in/the-rust/path\"; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:789
|
||||
msgid "##### Use declarations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:781
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:793
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram}\n"
|
||||
@@ -1578,7 +1596,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:786
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:798
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"path_glob : ident [ \"::\" path_glob ] ?\n"
|
||||
@@ -1588,7 +1606,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:790
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:802
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _use declaration_ creates one or more local name bindings synonymous with "
|
||||
"some other [path](#paths). Usually a `use` declaration is used to shorten "
|
||||
@@ -1596,7 +1614,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:794
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:806
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"*Note*: Unlike in many languages,\n"
|
||||
@@ -1605,43 +1623,43 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:796
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:808
|
||||
msgid "Use declarations support a number of convenient shortcuts:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:801
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:813
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rebinding the target name as a new local name, using the syntax `use x = p::"
|
||||
"q::r;`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:801
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:813
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Simultaneously binding a list of paths differing only in their final "
|
||||
"element, using the glob-like brace syntax `use a::b::{c,d,e,f};`"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:801
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:813
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Binding all paths matching a given prefix, using the asterisk wildcard "
|
||||
"syntax `use a::b::*;`"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:803
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:815
|
||||
msgid "An example of `use` declarations:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:807
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:819
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ use std::num::sin; use std::option::{Some, None};"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:811
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:823
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -1650,7 +1668,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:816
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:828
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" // Equivalent to 'info!(~[std::option::Some(1.0), std::option::None]);'\n"
|
||||
@@ -1660,7 +1678,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:824
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:836
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Like items, `use` declarations are private to the containing module, by "
|
||||
"default. Also like items, a `use` declaration can be public, if qualified "
|
||||
@@ -1673,7 +1691,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:830
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:842
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An example of re-exporting:\n"
|
||||
@@ -1684,7 +1702,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:837
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:849
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" pub mod foo {\n"
|
||||
@@ -1696,14 +1714,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:839
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:851
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In this example, the module `quux` re-exports all of the public names "
|
||||
"defined in `foo`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:842
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:854
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Also note that the paths contained in `use` items are relative to the crate "
|
||||
"root. So, in the previous example, the `use` refers to `quux::foo::*`, and "
|
||||
@@ -1711,12 +1729,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:844
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:856
|
||||
msgid "### Functions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:848
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:860
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _function item_ defines a sequence of [statements](#statements) and an "
|
||||
"optional final [expression](#expressions), along with a name and a set of "
|
||||
@@ -1727,7 +1745,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:853
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:865
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A function may also be copied into a first class *value*, in which case the "
|
||||
"value has the corresponding [*function type*](#function-types), and can be "
|
||||
@@ -1736,7 +1754,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:859
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:871
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Every control path in a function logically ends with a `return` expression "
|
||||
"or a diverging expression. If the outermost block of a function has a value-"
|
||||
@@ -1746,12 +1764,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:861
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:873
|
||||
msgid "An example of a function:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:867
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:879
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1762,24 +1780,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:870
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:882
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"As with `let` bindings, function arguments are irrefutable patterns, so any "
|
||||
"pattern that is valid in a let binding is also valid as an argument."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:874
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:886
|
||||
msgid "~~~ fn first((value, _): (int, int)) -> int { value } ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:877
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:889
|
||||
msgid "#### Generic functions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:882
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:894
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _generic function_ allows one or more _parameterized types_ to appear in "
|
||||
"its signature. Each type parameter must be explicitly declared, in an angle-"
|
||||
@@ -1787,7 +1805,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:893
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:905
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -1803,14 +1821,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:896
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:908
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Inside the function signature and body, the name of the type parameter can "
|
||||
"be used as a type name."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:902
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:914
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When a generic function is referenced, its type is instantiated based on the "
|
||||
"context of the reference. For example, calling the `iter` function defined "
|
||||
@@ -1819,7 +1837,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:907
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:919
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The type parameters can also be explicitly supplied in a trailing [path]"
|
||||
"(#paths) component after the function name. This might be necessary if there "
|
||||
@@ -1828,33 +1846,32 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:912
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:923
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Since a parameter type is opaque to the generic function, the set of "
|
||||
"operations that can be performed on it is limited. Values of parameter type "
|
||||
"can always be moved, but they can only be copied when the parameter is given "
|
||||
"a [`Copy` bound](#type-kinds)."
|
||||
"can only be moved, not copied."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:916
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ fn id<T: Copy>(x: T) -> T { x } ~~~~"
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:927
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ fn id<T>(x: T) -> T { x } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:920
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:931
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Similarly, [trait](#traits) bounds can be specified for type parameters to "
|
||||
"allow methods with that trait to be called on values of that type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:923
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:934
|
||||
msgid "#### Unsafe functions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:926
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:937
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Unsafe functions are those containing unsafe operations that are not "
|
||||
"contained in an [`unsafe` block](#unsafe-blocks). Such a function must be "
|
||||
@@ -1862,7 +1879,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:929
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:940
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Unsafe operations are those that potentially violate the memory-safety "
|
||||
"guarantees of Rust's static semantics. Specifically, the following "
|
||||
@@ -1870,27 +1887,27 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' - '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:933
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:944
|
||||
msgid "Dereferencing a [raw pointer](#pointer-types)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' - '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:933
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:944
|
||||
msgid "Casting a [raw pointer](#pointer-types) to a safe pointer type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' - '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:933
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:944
|
||||
msgid "Calling an unsafe function."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:935
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:946
|
||||
msgid "##### Unsafe blocks"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:939
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:950
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A block of code can also be prefixed with the `unsafe` keyword, to permit a "
|
||||
"sequence of unsafe operations in an otherwise-safe function. This facility "
|
||||
@@ -1902,19 +1919,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:942
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:953
|
||||
msgid "#### Diverging functions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:945
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:956
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A special kind of function can be declared with a `!` character where the "
|
||||
"output slot type would normally be. For example:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:952
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:963
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1926,7 +1943,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:959
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:970
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"We call such functions \"diverging\" because they never return a value to "
|
||||
"the caller. Every control path in a diverging function must end with a `fail!"
|
||||
@@ -1937,7 +1954,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:965
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:976
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"It might be necessary to declare a diverging function because as mentioned "
|
||||
"previously, the typechecker checks that every control path in a function "
|
||||
@@ -1947,12 +1964,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:968
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:979
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # fn my_err(s: &str) -> ! { fail!() }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:978
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:989
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn f(i: int) -> int {\n"
|
||||
@@ -1967,7 +1984,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:986
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:997
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This will not compile without the `!` annotation on `my_err`, since the "
|
||||
"`else` branch of the conditional in `f` does not return an `int`, as "
|
||||
@@ -1979,12 +1996,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:989
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1000
|
||||
msgid "#### Extern functions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:996
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1007
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Extern functions are part of Rust's foreign function interface, providing "
|
||||
"the opposite functionality to [external blocks](#external-blocks). Whereas "
|
||||
@@ -1995,37 +2012,37 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1000
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1011
|
||||
msgid "~~~ extern fn new_vec() -> ~[int] { ~[] } ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1003
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1014
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Extern functions may not be called from Rust code, but Rust code may take "
|
||||
"their value as a raw `u8` pointer."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1008
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1019
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # extern fn new_vec() -> ~[int] { ~[] } let fptr: *u8 = new_vec; ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1012
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1023
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The primary motivation for extern functions is to create callbacks for "
|
||||
"foreign functions that expect to receive function pointers."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1014
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1025
|
||||
msgid "### Type definitions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1018
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1029
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _type definition_ defines a new name for an existing [type](#types). Type "
|
||||
"definitions are declared with the keyword `type`. Every value has a single, "
|
||||
@@ -2033,32 +2050,32 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1024
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1035
|
||||
msgid "Whether the value is composed of sub-values or is indivisible."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1024
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1035
|
||||
msgid "Whether the value represents textual or numerical information."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1024
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1035
|
||||
msgid "Whether the value represents integral or floating-point information."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1024
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1035
|
||||
msgid "The sequence of memory operations required to access the value."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1024
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1035
|
||||
msgid "The [kind](#type-kinds) of the type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1027
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1038
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"For example, the type `(u8, u8)` defines the set of immutable values that "
|
||||
"are composite pairs, each containing two unsigned 8-bit integers accessed by "
|
||||
@@ -2067,45 +2084,45 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1029
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1040
|
||||
msgid "### Structures"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1031
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1042
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _structure_ is a nominal [structure type](#structure-types) defined with "
|
||||
"the keyword `struct`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1033
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1044
|
||||
msgid "An example of a `struct` item and its use:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1039
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1050
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ struct Point {x: int, y: int} let p = Point {x: 10, y: 11}; let px: int "
|
||||
"= p.x; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1042
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1053
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _tuple structure_ is a nominal [tuple type](#tuple-types), also defined "
|
||||
"with the keyword `struct`. For example:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1048
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1059
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ struct Point(int, int); let p = Point(10, 11); let px: int = match p "
|
||||
"{ Point(x, _) => x }; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1052
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1063
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _unit-like struct_ is a structure without any fields, defined by leaving "
|
||||
"off the list of fields entirely. Such types will have a single value, just "
|
||||
@@ -2114,17 +2131,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1057
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1068
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ struct Cookie; let c = [Cookie, Cookie, Cookie, Cookie]; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1059
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1070
|
||||
msgid "### Enumerations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1062
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1073
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _enumeration_ is a simultaneous definition of a nominal [enumerated type]"
|
||||
"(#enumerated-types) as well as a set of *constructors*, that can be used to "
|
||||
@@ -2132,17 +2149,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1064
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1075
|
||||
msgid "Enumerations are declared with the keyword `enum`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1066
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1077
|
||||
msgid "An example of an `enum` item and its use:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1072
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1083
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2153,12 +2170,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1076
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1087
|
||||
msgid "let mut a: Animal = Dog; a = Cat; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1083
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1094
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Enumeration constructors can have either named or unnamed fields:\n"
|
||||
@@ -2170,33 +2187,33 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1087
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1098
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let mut a: Animal = Dog(~\"Cocoa\", 37.2); a = Cat{ name: ~\"Spotty\", "
|
||||
"weight: 2.7 }; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1090
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1101
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In this example, `Cat` is a _struct-like enum variant_, whereas `Dog` is "
|
||||
"simply called an enum variant."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1092
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1103
|
||||
msgid "### Static items"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1096
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1107
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.ebnf .gram} static_item : \"static\" ident ':' type '=' expr "
|
||||
"';' ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1103
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1114
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A *static item* is a named _constant value_ stored in the global data "
|
||||
"section of a crate. Immutable static items are stored in the read-only data "
|
||||
@@ -2208,7 +2225,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1108
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1119
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Static items must be explicitly typed. The type may be ```bool```, "
|
||||
"```char```, a number, or a type derived from those primitive types. The "
|
||||
@@ -2217,19 +2234,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1112
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1123
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ static BIT1: uint = 1 << 0; static BIT2: uint = 1 << 1;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1115
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1126
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"static BITS: [uint, ..2] = [BIT1, BIT2]; static STRING: &'static str = "
|
||||
"\"bitstring\";"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1120
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1131
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"struct BitsNStrings<'self> {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2239,7 +2256,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1126
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1137
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"static bits_n_strings: BitsNStrings<'static> = BitsNStrings {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2250,17 +2267,81 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1128
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1139
|
||||
msgid "#### Mutable statics"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1147
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"If a static item is declared with the ```mut``` keyword, then it is allowed "
|
||||
"to be modified by the program. One of Rust's goals is to make concurrency "
|
||||
"bugs hard to run into, and this is obviously a very large source of race "
|
||||
"conditions or other bugs. For this reason, an ```unsafe``` block is required "
|
||||
"when either reading or writing a mutable static variable. Care should be "
|
||||
"taken to ensure that modifications to a mutable static are safe with respect "
|
||||
"to other tasks running in the same process."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1150
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Mutable statics are still very useful, however. They can be used with C "
|
||||
"libraries and can also be bound from C libraries (in an ```extern``` block)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1153
|
||||
msgid "~~~ # fn atomic_add(_: &mut uint, _: uint) -> uint { 2 }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1155
|
||||
msgid "static mut LEVELS: uint = 0;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1163
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// This violates the idea of no shared state, and this doesn't internally\n"
|
||||
"// protect against races, so this function is `unsafe`\n"
|
||||
"unsafe fn bump_levels_unsafe1() -> uint {\n"
|
||||
" let ret = LEVELS;\n"
|
||||
" LEVELS += 1;\n"
|
||||
" return ret;\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1170
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Assuming that we have an atomic_add function which returns the old value,\n"
|
||||
"// this function is \"safe\" but the meaning of the return value may not be what\n"
|
||||
"// callers expect, so it's still marked as `unsafe`\n"
|
||||
"unsafe fn bump_levels_unsafe2() -> uint {\n"
|
||||
" return atomic_add(&mut LEVELS, 1);\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1172
|
||||
msgid "~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1174
|
||||
msgid "### Traits"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1130
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1176
|
||||
msgid "A _trait_ describes a set of method types."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1135
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1181
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Traits can include default implementations of methods, written in terms of "
|
||||
"some unknown [`self` type](#self-types); the `self` type may either be "
|
||||
@@ -2268,19 +2349,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1137
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1183
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Traits are implemented for specific types through separate [implementations]"
|
||||
"(#implementations)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1141
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1187
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # type Surface = int; # type BoundingBox = int;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1147
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1193
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"trait Shape {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2291,7 +2372,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1151
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1197
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This defines a trait with two methods. All values that have "
|
||||
"[implementations](#implementations) of this trait in scope can have their "
|
||||
@@ -2300,7 +2381,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1154
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1200
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Type parameters can be specified for a trait to make it generic. These "
|
||||
"appear after the trait name, using the same syntax used in [generic "
|
||||
@@ -2308,7 +2389,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1162
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1208
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2321,7 +2402,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1168
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1214
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Generic functions may use traits as _bounds_ on their type parameters. This "
|
||||
"will have two effects: only types that have the trait may instantiate the "
|
||||
@@ -2330,12 +2411,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1172
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1218
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # type Surface = int; # trait Shape { fn draw(&self, Surface); }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1178
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1224
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn draw_twice<T: Shape>(surface: Surface, sh: T) {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2346,7 +2427,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1183
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1229
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Traits also define an [object type](#object-types) with the same name as the "
|
||||
"trait. Values of this type are created by [casting](#type-cast-expressions) "
|
||||
@@ -2355,17 +2436,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1188
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1234
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # trait Shape { } # impl Shape for int { } # let mycircle = 0;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1191
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1237
|
||||
msgid "let myshape: @Shape = @mycircle as @Shape; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1197
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1243
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The resulting value is a managed box containing the value that was cast, "
|
||||
"along with information that identifies the methods of the implementation "
|
||||
@@ -2375,7 +2456,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1205
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1251
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Trait methods may be static, which means that they lack a `self` argument. "
|
||||
"This means that they can only be called with function call syntax (`f(x)`) "
|
||||
@@ -2385,7 +2466,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1215
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1261
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2400,19 +2481,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1217
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1263
|
||||
msgid "Traits may inherit from other traits. For example, in"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1222
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1268
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ trait Shape { fn area() -> float; } trait Circle : Shape { fn radius() -"
|
||||
"> float; } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1227
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1273
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"the syntax `Circle : Shape` means that types that implement `Circle` must "
|
||||
"also have an implementation for `Shape`. Multiple supertraits are separated "
|
||||
@@ -2423,7 +2504,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1231 doc/tutorial.md:2177
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1277 doc/tutorial.md:2176
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In type-parameterized functions, methods of the supertrait may be called on "
|
||||
"values of subtrait-bound type parameters. Refering to the previous example "
|
||||
@@ -2431,7 +2512,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1240 doc/tutorial.md:2186
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1286 doc/tutorial.md:2185
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2445,12 +2526,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1242 doc/tutorial.md:2188
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1288 doc/tutorial.md:2187
|
||||
msgid "Likewise, supertrait methods may also be called on trait objects."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1249
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1295
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ {.xfail-test} # trait Shape { fn area(&self) -> float; } # trait "
|
||||
"Circle : Shape { fn radius(&self) -> float; } # impl Shape for int { fn "
|
||||
@@ -2459,31 +2540,31 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1253
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1299
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let mycircle: Circle = @mycircle as @Circle; let nonsense = mycircle."
|
||||
"radius() * mycircle.area(); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1255
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1301
|
||||
msgid "### Implementations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1257
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1303
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _implementation_ is an item that implements a [trait](#traits) for a "
|
||||
"specific type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1259
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1305
|
||||
msgid "Implementations are defined with the keyword `impl`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1266
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1312
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # struct Point {x: float, y: float}; # type Surface = int; # struct "
|
||||
"BoundingBox {x: float, y: float, width: float, height: float}; # trait Shape "
|
||||
@@ -2492,7 +2573,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1271
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1317
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"struct Circle {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2502,7 +2583,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1281
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1327
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Shape for Circle {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2517,7 +2598,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1288
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1334
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"It is possible to define an implementation without referring to a trait. "
|
||||
"The methods in such an implementation can only be used as direct calls on "
|
||||
@@ -2529,14 +2610,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1292
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1338
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When a trait _is_ specified in an `impl`, all methods declared as part of "
|
||||
"the trait must be implemented, with matching types and type parameter counts."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1296
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1342
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An implementation can take type parameters, which can be different from the "
|
||||
"type parameters taken by the trait it implements. Implementation parameters "
|
||||
@@ -2544,12 +2625,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1299
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1345
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # trait Seq<T> { }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1307
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1353
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl<T> Seq<T> for ~[T] {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2562,19 +2643,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1309
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1355
|
||||
msgid "### External blocks"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1314
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1360
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ {.ebnf .gram} extern_block_item : \"extern\" '{' extern_block '} ; "
|
||||
"extern_block : [ foreign_fn ] * ; ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1318
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1364
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"External blocks form the basis for Rust's foreign function interface. "
|
||||
"Declarations in an external block describe symbols in external, non-Rust "
|
||||
@@ -2582,7 +2663,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1323
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1369
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Functions within external blocks are declared in the same way as other Rust "
|
||||
"functions, with the exception that they may not have a body and are instead "
|
||||
@@ -2590,12 +2671,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1327
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1373
|
||||
msgid "~~~ # use std::libc::{c_char, FILE}; # #[nolink]"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1332
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1378
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"extern {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2605,7 +2686,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1337
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1383
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Functions within external blocks may be called by Rust code, just like "
|
||||
"functions defined in Rust. The Rust compiler automatically translates "
|
||||
@@ -2613,14 +2694,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1340
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1386
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A number of [attributes](#attributes) control the behavior of external "
|
||||
"blocks."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1344
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1390
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"By default external blocks assume that the library they are calling uses the "
|
||||
"standard C \"cdecl\" ABI. Other ABIs may be specified using the `abi` "
|
||||
@@ -2628,25 +2709,25 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1350
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1396
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test} // Interface to the Windows API #[abi = \"stdcall\"] extern "
|
||||
"{ } ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1352
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1398
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `link_name` attribute allows the name of the library to be specified."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1357
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1403
|
||||
msgid "~~~{.xfail-test} #[link_name = \"crypto\"] extern { } ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1363
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1409
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `nolink` attribute tells the Rust compiler not to do any linking for the "
|
||||
"external block. This is particularly useful for creating external blocks "
|
||||
@@ -2655,12 +2736,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1365
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1411
|
||||
msgid "## Attributes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1372
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1418
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram}\n"
|
||||
@@ -2672,7 +2753,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1378
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1424
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Static entities in Rust -- crates, modules and items -- may have "
|
||||
"_attributes_ applied to them. ^[Attributes in Rust are modeled on Attributes "
|
||||
@@ -2682,25 +2763,25 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1382
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1428
|
||||
msgid "A single identifier, the attribute name"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1382
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1428
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An identifier followed by the equals sign '=' and a literal, providing a key/"
|
||||
"value pair"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1382
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1428
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An identifier followed by a parenthesized list of sub-attribute arguments"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1385
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1431
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Attributes terminated by a semi-colon apply to the entity that the attribute "
|
||||
"is declared within. Attributes that are not terminated by a semi-colon apply "
|
||||
@@ -2708,19 +2789,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1387
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1433
|
||||
msgid "An example of attributes:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1391
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1437
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.xfail-test} // General metadata applied to the enclosing module or "
|
||||
"crate. #[license = \"BSD\"];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1397
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1443
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// A function marked as a unit test\n"
|
||||
@@ -2731,7 +2812,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1403
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1449
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// A conditionally-compiled module\n"
|
||||
@@ -2742,14 +2823,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1408
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1454
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// A lint attribute used to suppress a warning/error "
|
||||
"#[allow(non_camel_case_types)] pub type int8_t = i8; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1411
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1457
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> **Note:** In future versions of Rust, user-provided extensions to the "
|
||||
"compiler will be able to interpret attributes. > When this facility is "
|
||||
@@ -2758,74 +2839,74 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1414
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1460
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"At present, only the Rust compiler interprets attributes, so all attribute "
|
||||
"names are effectively reserved. Some significant attributes include:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid "The `doc` attribute, for documenting code in-place."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `cfg` attribute, for conditional-compilation by build-configuration."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `lang` attribute, for custom definitions of traits and functions that "
|
||||
"are known to the Rust compiler (see [Language items](#language-items))."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid "The `link` attribute, for describing linkage metadata for a crate."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid "The `test` attribute, for marking functions as unit tests."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `allow`, `warn`, `forbid`, and `deny` attributes, for controlling lint "
|
||||
"checks (see [Lint check attributes](#lint-check-attributes))."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `deriving` attribute, for automatically generating implementations of "
|
||||
"certain traits."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1471
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `static_assert` attribute, for asserting that a static bool is true at "
|
||||
"compiletime"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1427
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1473
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Other attributes may be added or removed during development of the language."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1429
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1475
|
||||
msgid "### Lint check attributes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1433
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1479
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A lint check names a potentially undesirable coding pattern, such as "
|
||||
"unreachable code or omitted documentation, for the static entity to which "
|
||||
@@ -2833,22 +2914,22 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1435
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1481
|
||||
msgid "For any lint check `C`:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1442
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1488
|
||||
msgid "`warn(C)` warns about violations of `C` but continues compilation,"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' * '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1442
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1488
|
||||
msgid "`deny(C)` signals an error after encountering a violation of `C`,"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1442
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1488
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" * `allow(C)` overrides the check for `C` so that violations will go\n"
|
||||
@@ -2858,14 +2939,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1445
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1491
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The lint checks supported by the compiler can be found via `rustc -W help`, "
|
||||
"along with their default settings."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1451
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1497
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -2876,7 +2957,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1455
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1501
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" // Missing documentation signals a warning here\n"
|
||||
@@ -2885,7 +2966,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1461
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1507
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" // Missing documentation signals an error here\n"
|
||||
@@ -2896,17 +2977,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1464
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1510
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This example shows how one can use `allow` and `warn` to toggle a particular "
|
||||
"check on and off."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1472
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1518
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
"#[warn(missing_doc)]\n"
|
||||
"mod m2{\n"
|
||||
" #[allow(missing_doc)]\n"
|
||||
@@ -2916,7 +2997,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1478
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1524
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" // Missing documentation signals a warning here,\n"
|
||||
@@ -2927,7 +3008,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1483
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1529
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" // Missing documentation signals a warning here\n"
|
||||
@@ -2937,14 +3018,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1486
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1532
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This example shows how one can use `forbid` to disallow uses of `allow` for "
|
||||
"that lint check."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1496
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1542
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -2959,12 +3040,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1498
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1544
|
||||
msgid "### Language items"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1504
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1550
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Some primitive Rust operations are defined in Rust code, rather than being "
|
||||
"implemented directly in C or assembly language. The definitions of these "
|
||||
@@ -2974,7 +3055,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1511
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1557
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -2986,7 +3067,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1515
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1561
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The name `str_eq` has a special meaning to the Rust compiler, and the "
|
||||
"presence of this definition means that it will use this definition when "
|
||||
@@ -2994,23 +3075,21 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1517
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1563
|
||||
msgid "A complete list of the built-in language items follows:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1519
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1565
|
||||
msgid "#### Traits"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1560
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1604
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`const`\n"
|
||||
" : Cannot be mutated.\n"
|
||||
"`copy`\n"
|
||||
" : Can be implicitly copied.\n"
|
||||
"`owned`\n"
|
||||
" : Are uniquely owned.\n"
|
||||
"`durable`\n"
|
||||
@@ -3050,12 +3129,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1562
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1606
|
||||
msgid "#### Operations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1591
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1636
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`str_eq`\n"
|
||||
@@ -3085,23 +3164,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
"`check_not_borrowed`\n"
|
||||
" : Fail if a value has existing borrowed pointers to it.\n"
|
||||
"`strdup_uniq`\n"
|
||||
" : Return a new unique string containing a copy of the contents of a unique string.\n"
|
||||
" : Return a new unique string\n"
|
||||
" containing a copy of the contents of a unique string.\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1594
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1639
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> **Note:** This list is likely to become out of date. We should auto-"
|
||||
"generate it > from `librustc/middle/lang_items.rs`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1596
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1641
|
||||
msgid "### Deriving"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1602
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1647
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `deriving` attribute allows certain traits to be automatically "
|
||||
"implemented for data structures. For example, the following will create an "
|
||||
@@ -3110,7 +3190,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1610
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1655
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3123,12 +3203,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1612
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1657
|
||||
msgid "The generated `impl` for `Eq` is equivalent to"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1619
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1664
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3140,7 +3220,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1625
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1670
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" fn ne(&self, other: &Foo<T>) -> bool {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3151,42 +3231,42 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1627
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1672
|
||||
msgid "Supported traits for `deriving` are:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1638
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1683
|
||||
msgid "Comparison traits: `Eq`, `TotalEq`, `Ord`, `TotalOrd`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1638
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1683
|
||||
msgid "Serialization: `Encodable`, `Decodable`. These require `extra`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1638
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1683
|
||||
msgid "`Clone` and `DeepClone`, to perform (deep) copies."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1638
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1683
|
||||
msgid "`IterBytes`, to iterate over the bytes in a data type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1638
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1683
|
||||
msgid "`Rand`, to create a random instance of a data type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1638
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1683
|
||||
msgid "`Zero`, to create an zero (or empty) instance of a data type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1638
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1683
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`ToStr`, to convert to a string. For a type with this instance, `obj."
|
||||
"to_str()` has similar output as `fmt!(\"%?\", obj)`, but it differs in that "
|
||||
@@ -3195,12 +3275,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1640
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1685
|
||||
msgid "# Statements and expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1647
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1692
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust is _primarily_ an expression language. This means that most forms of "
|
||||
"value-producing or effect-causing evaluation are directed by the uniform "
|
||||
@@ -3211,38 +3291,38 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1650
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1695
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In contrast, statements in Rust serve _mostly_ to contain and explicitly "
|
||||
"sequence expression evaluation."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1652
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1697
|
||||
msgid "## Statements"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1655
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1700
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _statement_ is a component of a block, which is in turn a component of an "
|
||||
"outer [expression](#expressions) or [function](#functions)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1659
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1704
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust has two kinds of statement: [declaration statements](#declaration-"
|
||||
"statements) and [expression statements](#expression-statements)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1661
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1706
|
||||
msgid "### Declaration statements"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1664
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1709
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _declaration statement_ is one that introduces one or more *names* into "
|
||||
"the enclosing statement block. The declared names may denote new slots or "
|
||||
@@ -3250,12 +3330,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1666
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1711
|
||||
msgid "#### Item declarations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1673
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1718
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _item declaration statement_ has a syntactic form identical to an [item]"
|
||||
"(#items) declaration within a module. Declaring an item -- a function, "
|
||||
@@ -3266,26 +3346,26 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1676
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1721
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Note: there is no implicit capture of the function's dynamic environment "
|
||||
"when declaring a function-local item."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1679
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1724
|
||||
msgid "#### Slot declarations"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1684
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1729
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} let_decl : \"let\" pat [':' type ] ? [ init ] ? ';' ; "
|
||||
"init : [ '=' ] expr ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1690
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1735
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _slot declaration_ introduces a new set of slots, given by a pattern. The "
|
||||
"pattern may be followed by a type annotation, and/or an initializer "
|
||||
@@ -3296,12 +3376,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1692
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1737
|
||||
msgid "### Expression statements"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1697
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1742
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _expression statement_ is one that evaluates an [expression]"
|
||||
"(#expressions) and ignores its result. The type of an expression statement "
|
||||
@@ -3311,12 +3391,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1699
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1744
|
||||
msgid "## Expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1708
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1753
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An expression may have two roles: it always produces a *value*, and it may have *effects*\n"
|
||||
@@ -3330,7 +3410,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1713
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1758
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In this way, the structure of expressions dictates the structure of "
|
||||
"execution. Blocks are just another kind of expression, so blocks, "
|
||||
@@ -3339,12 +3419,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1715
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1760
|
||||
msgid "#### Lvalues, rvalues and temporaries"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1719
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1764
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Expressions are divided into two main categories: _lvalues_ and _rvalues_. "
|
||||
"Likewise within each expression, sub-expressions may occur in _lvalue "
|
||||
@@ -3353,14 +3433,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1722
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1767
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[Path](#path-expressions), [field](#field-expressions) and [index](#index-"
|
||||
"expressions) expressions are lvalues. All other expressions are rvalues."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1730
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1775
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The left operand of an [assignment](#assignment-expressions), [binary move]"
|
||||
"(#binary-move-expressions) or [compound-assignment](#compound-assignment-"
|
||||
@@ -3371,7 +3451,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1733
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1778
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When an lvalue is evaluated in an _lvalue context_, it denotes a memory "
|
||||
"location; when evaluated in an _rvalue context_, it denotes the value held "
|
||||
@@ -3379,7 +3459,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1736
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1781
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When an rvalue is used in lvalue context, a temporary un-named lvalue is "
|
||||
"created and used instead. A temporary's lifetime equals the largest "
|
||||
@@ -3387,27 +3467,27 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1738
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1783
|
||||
msgid "#### Moved and copied types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1744
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1792
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When a [local variable](#memory-slots) is used as an [rvalue](#lvalues-"
|
||||
"rvalues-and-temporaries) the variable will either be [moved](#move-"
|
||||
"expressions) or [copied](#copy-expressions), depending on its type. For "
|
||||
"types that contain mutable fields or [owning pointers](#owning-pointers), "
|
||||
"the variable is moved. All other types are copied."
|
||||
"expressions) or copied, depending on its type. For types that contain "
|
||||
"[owning pointers](#owning-pointers) or values that implement the special "
|
||||
"trait `Drop`, the variable is moved. All other types are copied."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1747
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1795
|
||||
msgid "### Literal expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1751
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1799
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _literal expression_ consists of one of the [literal](#literals) forms "
|
||||
"described earlier. It directly describes a number, character, string, "
|
||||
@@ -3415,7 +3495,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1758
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1806
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.literals}\n"
|
||||
@@ -3427,12 +3507,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1760
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1808
|
||||
msgid "### Path expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1763
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1811
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A [path](#paths) used as an expression context denotes either a local "
|
||||
"variable or an item. Path expressions are [lvalues](#lvalues-rvalues-and-"
|
||||
@@ -3440,29 +3520,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1765
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1813
|
||||
msgid "### Tuple expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1769
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1817
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Tuples are written by enclosing one or more comma-separated expressions in "
|
||||
"parentheses. They are used to create [tuple-typed](#tuple-types) values."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1775
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1823
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~ {.tuple} (0,); (0f, 4.5f); (\"a\", 4u, true); ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1777
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1825
|
||||
msgid "### Structure expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1786
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1834
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram}\n"
|
||||
@@ -3476,7 +3556,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1793
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1841
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"There are several forms of structure expressions. A _structure expression_ "
|
||||
"consists of the [path](#paths) of a [structure item](#structures), followed "
|
||||
@@ -3488,7 +3568,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1798
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1846
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _tuple structure expression_ consists of the [path](#paths) of a "
|
||||
"[structure item](#structures), followed by a parenthesized list of one or "
|
||||
@@ -3498,19 +3578,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1800
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1848
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _unit-like structure expression_ consists only of the [path](#paths) of a "
|
||||
"[structure item](#structures)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1802
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1850
|
||||
msgid "The following are examples of structure expressions:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1813
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1861
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # struct Point { x: float, y: float } # struct TuplePoint(float, "
|
||||
"float); # mod game { pub struct User<'self> { name: &'self str, age: uint, "
|
||||
@@ -3520,7 +3600,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1816
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1864
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A structure expression forms a new value of the named structure type. Note "
|
||||
"that for a given *unit-like* structure type, this will always be the same "
|
||||
@@ -3528,7 +3608,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1823
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1871
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A structure expression can terminate with the syntax `..` followed by an "
|
||||
"expression to denote a functional update. The expression following `..` "
|
||||
@@ -3540,19 +3620,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1829
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1877
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # struct Point3d { x: int, y: int, z: int } let base = Point3d {x: 1, "
|
||||
"y: 2, z: 3}; Point3d {y: 0, z: 10, .. base}; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1831
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1879
|
||||
msgid "### Record expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1837
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1885
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram}\n"
|
||||
@@ -3563,19 +3643,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1839
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1887
|
||||
msgid "### Method-call expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1843
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1891
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} method_call_expr : expr '.' ident paren_expr_list ; "
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1848
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1896
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _method call_ consists of an expression followed by a single dot, an "
|
||||
"identifier, and a parenthesized expression-list. Method calls are resolved "
|
||||
@@ -3586,17 +3666,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1851
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1899
|
||||
msgid "### Field expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1855
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1903
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} field_expr : expr '.' ident ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1859
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1907
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _field expression_ consists of an expression followed by a single dot and "
|
||||
"an identifier, when not immediately followed by a parenthesized expression-"
|
||||
@@ -3605,12 +3685,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1864
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1912
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~ {.field} myrecord.myfield; {a: 10, b: 20}.a; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1867
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1915
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A field access on a record is an [lvalue](#lvalues-rvalues-and-temporaries) "
|
||||
"referring to the value of that field. When the field is mutable, it can be "
|
||||
@@ -3618,7 +3698,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1870
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1918
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When the type of the expression to the left of the dot is a pointer to a "
|
||||
"record or structure, it is automatically derferenced to make the field "
|
||||
@@ -3626,29 +3706,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1873
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1921
|
||||
msgid "### Vector expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1876
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1924
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} vec_expr : '[' \"mut\"? vec_elems? ']'"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1879
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1927
|
||||
msgid "vec_elems : [expr [',' expr]*] | [expr ',' \"..\" expr] ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1882
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1930
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A [_vector_](#vector-types) _expression_ is written by enclosing zero or "
|
||||
"more comma-separated expressions of uniform type in square brackets."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1886
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1934
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In the `[expr ',' \"..\" expr]` form, the expression after the `\"..\"` must "
|
||||
"be a constant expression that can be evaluated at compile time, such as a "
|
||||
@@ -3656,7 +3736,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1893
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1941
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3668,17 +3748,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1895
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1943
|
||||
msgid "### Index expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1899
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1947
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} idx_expr : expr '[' expr ']' ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1904
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1952
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[Vector](#vector-types)-typed expressions can be indexed by writing a square-"
|
||||
"bracket-enclosed expression (the index) after them. When the vector is "
|
||||
@@ -3687,7 +3767,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1908
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1956
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Indices are zero-based, and may be of any integral type. Vector access is "
|
||||
"bounds-checked at run-time. When the check fails, it will put the task in a "
|
||||
@@ -3695,36 +3775,34 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1912
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1960
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # use std::task; # do task::spawn_unlinked {"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1915
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1963
|
||||
msgid "([1, 2, 3, 4])[0]; ([\"a\", \"b\"])[10]; // fails"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1918 doc/tutorial-tasks.md:649
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1966 doc/tutorial-tasks.md:648
|
||||
msgid "# } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1920
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1968
|
||||
msgid "### Unary operator expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1924
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1972
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust defines six symbolic unary operators, in addition to the unary [copy]"
|
||||
"(#unary-copy-expressions) and [move](#unary-move-expressions) operators. "
|
||||
"They are all written as prefix operators, before the expression they apply "
|
||||
"to."
|
||||
"Rust defines six symbolic unary operators. They are all written as prefix "
|
||||
"operators, before the expression they apply to."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1943
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1991
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`-`\n"
|
||||
@@ -3748,29 +3826,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1945
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1993
|
||||
msgid "### Binary operator expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1949
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1997
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} binop_expr : expr binop expr ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1952
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2000
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Binary operators expressions are given in terms of [operator precedence]"
|
||||
"(#operator-precedence)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1954
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2002
|
||||
msgid "#### Arithmetic operators"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1959
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2007
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Binary arithmetic expressions are syntactic sugar for calls to built-in "
|
||||
"traits, defined in the `std::ops` module of the `std` library. This means "
|
||||
@@ -3779,7 +3857,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1975
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2023
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`+`\n"
|
||||
@@ -3800,12 +3878,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1977
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2025
|
||||
msgid "#### Bitwise operators"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1982
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2030
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Like the [arithmetic operators](#arithmetic-operators), bitwise operators "
|
||||
"are syntactic sugar for calls to methods of built-in traits. This means "
|
||||
@@ -3814,7 +3892,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1998
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2046
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`&`\n"
|
||||
@@ -3835,12 +3913,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2000
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2048
|
||||
msgid "#### Lazy boolean operators"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2007
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2055
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The operators `||` and `&&` may be applied to operands of boolean type. The "
|
||||
"`||` operator denotes logical 'or', and the `&&` operator denotes logical "
|
||||
@@ -3852,12 +3930,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2009
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2057
|
||||
msgid "#### Comparison operators"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2015
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2063
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Comparison operators are, like the [arithmetic operators](#arithmetic-"
|
||||
"operators), and [bitwise operators](#bitwise-operators), syntactic sugar for "
|
||||
@@ -3867,7 +3945,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2034
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2082
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`==`\n"
|
||||
@@ -3891,24 +3969,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2037
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2085
|
||||
msgid "#### Type cast expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2039
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2087
|
||||
msgid "A type cast expression is denoted with the binary operator `as`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2042
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2090
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Executing an `as` expression casts the value on the left-hand side to the "
|
||||
"type on the right-hand side."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2046
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2094
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A numeric value can be cast to any numeric type. A raw pointer value can be "
|
||||
"cast to or from any integral type or raw pointer type. Any other cast is "
|
||||
@@ -3916,19 +3994,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2048
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2096
|
||||
msgid "An example of an `as` expression:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2052
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2100
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # fn sum(v: &[float]) -> float { 0.0 } # fn len(v: &[float]) -> int "
|
||||
"{ 0 }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2059
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2107
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn avg(v: &[float]) -> float {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3940,12 +4018,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2061
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2109
|
||||
msgid "#### Assignment expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2064
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2112
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _assignment expression_ consists of an [lvalue](#lvalues-rvalues-and-"
|
||||
"temporaries) expression followed by an equals sign (`=`) and an [rvalue]"
|
||||
@@ -3953,29 +4031,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2066
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2114
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Evaluating an assignment expression [either copies or moves](#moved-and-"
|
||||
"copied-types) its right-hand operand to its left-hand operand."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2070
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2118
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # let mut x = 0; # let y = 0;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2073
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2121
|
||||
msgid "x = y; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2075
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2123
|
||||
msgid "#### Compound assignment expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2080
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2128
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `+`, `-`, `*`, `/`, `%`, `&`, `|`, `^`, `<<`, and `>>` operators may be "
|
||||
"composed with the `=` operator. The expression `lval OP= val` is equivalent "
|
||||
@@ -3983,24 +4061,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2082
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2130
|
||||
msgid "Any such expression always has the [`unit`](#primitive-types) type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2084
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2132
|
||||
msgid "#### Operator precedence"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2087
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2135
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The precedence of Rust binary operators is ordered as follows, going from "
|
||||
"strong to weak:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2100
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2148
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.precedence}\n"
|
||||
@@ -4019,12 +4097,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2102 doc/rust.md:2243 doc/tutorial-macros.md:323
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2150 doc/rust.md:2237 doc/tutorial-macros.md:323
|
||||
msgid "~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2105
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2153
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Operators at the same precedence level are evaluated left-to-right. [Unary "
|
||||
"operators](#unary-operator-expressions) have the same precedence level and "
|
||||
@@ -4032,12 +4110,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2107
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2155
|
||||
msgid "### Grouped expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2111
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2159
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An expression enclosed in parentheses evaluates to the result of the "
|
||||
"enclosed expression. Parentheses can be used to explicitly specify "
|
||||
@@ -4045,135 +4123,27 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2115
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2163
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} paren_expr : '(' expr ')' ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2117
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2165
|
||||
msgid "An example of a parenthesized expression:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2121
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2169
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let x = (2 + 3) * 4; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2123
|
||||
msgid "### Unary copy expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2127
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} copy_expr : \"copy\" expr ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2130
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> **Note:** `copy` expressions are deprecated. It's preferable to use > the "
|
||||
"`Clone` trait and `clone()` method."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2133
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _unary copy expression_ consists of the unary `copy` operator applied to "
|
||||
"some argument expression."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2137
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Evaluating a copy expression first evaluates the argument expression, then "
|
||||
"copies the resulting value, allocating any memory necessary to hold the new "
|
||||
"copy."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2141
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[Managed boxes](#pointer-types) (type `@`) are, as usual, shallow-copied, as "
|
||||
"are raw and borrowed pointers. [Owned boxes](#pointer-types), [owned "
|
||||
"vectors](#vector-types) and similar owned types are deep-copied."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2144
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Since the binary [assignment operator](#assignment-expressions) `=` performs "
|
||||
"a copy or move implicitly, the unary copy operator is typically only used to "
|
||||
"cause an argument to a function to be copied and passed by value."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2146
|
||||
msgid "An example of a copy expression:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2151
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"fn mutate(mut vec: ~[int]) {\n"
|
||||
" vec[0] = 10;\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2153
|
||||
msgid "let v = ~[1,2,3];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2155
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid "mutate(copy v); // Pass a copy\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2158
|
||||
msgid "assert!(v[0] == 1); // Original was not modified ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2160
|
||||
msgid "### Unary move expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2164
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} move_expr : \"move\" expr ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2171
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _unary move expression_ is similar to a [unary copy](#unary-copy-"
|
||||
"expressions) expression, except that it can only be applied to a [local "
|
||||
"variable](#memory-slots), and it performs a _move_ on its operand, rather "
|
||||
"than a copy. That is, the memory location denoted by its operand is de-"
|
||||
"initialized after evaluation, and the resulting value is a shallow copy of "
|
||||
"the operand, even if the operand is an [owning type](#type-kinds)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2175
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> **Note:** In future versions of Rust, `move` may be removed as a separate "
|
||||
"operator; > moves are now [automatically performed](#moved-and-copied-types) "
|
||||
"for most cases `move` would be appropriate."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2178
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2172
|
||||
msgid "### Call expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2184
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2178
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.abnf .gram} expr_list : [ expr [ ',' expr ]* ] ? ; "
|
||||
"paren_expr_list : '(' expr_list ')' ; call_expr : expr paren_expr_list ; "
|
||||
@@ -4181,7 +4151,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2189
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2183
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _call expression_ invokes a function, providing zero or more input slots "
|
||||
"and an optional reference slot to serve as the function's output, bound to "
|
||||
@@ -4190,36 +4160,36 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2191
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2185
|
||||
msgid "Some examples of call expressions:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2195
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2189
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # use std::from_str::FromStr; # fn add(x: int, y: int) -> int { 0 }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2199
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2193
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let x: int = add(1, 2); let pi = FromStr::from_str::<f32>(\"3.14\"); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2201
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2195
|
||||
msgid "### Lambda expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2206
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2200
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ {.abnf .gram} ident_list : [ ident [ ',' ident ]* ] ? ; "
|
||||
"lambda_expr : '|' ident_list '|' expr ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2210
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2204
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _lambda expression_ (sometimes called an \"anonymous function expression"
|
||||
"\") defines a function and denotes it as a value, in a single expression. A "
|
||||
@@ -4228,7 +4198,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2215
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2209
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A lambda expression denotes a function that maps a list of parameters "
|
||||
"(`ident_list`) onto the expression that follows the `ident_list`. The "
|
||||
@@ -4238,7 +4208,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2218
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2212
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Lambda expressions are most useful when passing functions as arguments to "
|
||||
"other functions, as an abbreviation for defining and capturing a separate "
|
||||
@@ -4246,7 +4216,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2227
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2221
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Significantly, lambda expressions _capture their environment_, which regular "
|
||||
"[function definitions](#functions) do not. The exact type of capture "
|
||||
@@ -4260,14 +4230,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2230
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2224
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In this example, we define a function `ten_times` that takes a higher-order "
|
||||
"function argument, and call it with a lambda expression as an argument."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2239
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2233
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -4281,23 +4251,23 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2241
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2235
|
||||
msgid "ten_times(|j| println(fmt!(\"hello, %d\", j)));"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2245
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2239
|
||||
msgid "### While loops"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2249
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2243
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} while_expr : \"while\" expr '{' block '}' ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2254
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2248
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A `while` loop begins by evaluating the boolean loop conditional "
|
||||
"expression. If the loop conditional expression evaluates to `true`, the "
|
||||
@@ -4307,17 +4277,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2256
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2250
|
||||
msgid "An example:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2259
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2253
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let mut i = 0;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2265
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2259
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"while i < 10 {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4328,12 +4298,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2267
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2261
|
||||
msgid "### Infinite loops"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2271
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2265
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The keyword `loop` in Rust appears both in _loop expressions_ and in "
|
||||
"_continue expressions_. A loop expression denotes an infinite loop; see "
|
||||
@@ -4341,14 +4311,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2275
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2269
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} loop_expr : [ lifetime ':' ] \"loop\" '{' block '}'; "
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2280
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2274
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A `loop` expression may optionally have a _label_. If a label is present, "
|
||||
"then labeled `break` and `loop` expressions nested within this loop may exit "
|
||||
@@ -4357,17 +4327,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2282
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2276
|
||||
msgid "### Break expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2286
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2280
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} break_expr : \"break\" [ lifetime ]; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2293
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2287
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A `break` expression has an optional `label`. If the label is absent, then "
|
||||
"executing a `break` expression immediately terminates the innermost loop "
|
||||
@@ -4378,17 +4348,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2295
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2289
|
||||
msgid "### Continue expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2299
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2293
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} continue_expr : \"loop\" [ lifetime ]; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2310
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2304
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A continue expression, written `loop`, also has an optional `label`. If the "
|
||||
"label is absent, then executing a `loop` expression immediately terminates "
|
||||
@@ -4402,24 +4372,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2312
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2306
|
||||
msgid "A `loop` expression is only permitted in the body of a loop."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2315
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2309
|
||||
msgid "### Do expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2319
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2313
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} do_expr : \"do\" expr [ '|' ident_list '|' ] ? '{' "
|
||||
"block '}' ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2322
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2316
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _do expression_ provides a more-familiar block-syntax for a [lambda "
|
||||
"expression](#lambda-expressions), including a special translation of [return "
|
||||
@@ -4427,7 +4397,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2330
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2324
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Any occurrence of a [return expression](#return-expressions) inside this "
|
||||
"`block` expression is rewritten as a reference to an (anonymous) flag set in "
|
||||
@@ -4439,7 +4409,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2333
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2327
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The optional `ident_list` and `block` provided in a `do` expression are "
|
||||
"parsed as though they constitute a lambda expression; if the `ident_list` is "
|
||||
@@ -4447,7 +4417,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2339
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2333
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The lambda expression is then provided as a _trailing argument_ to the "
|
||||
"outermost [call](#call-expressions) or [method call](#method-call-"
|
||||
@@ -4458,22 +4428,22 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2335
|
||||
msgid "In this example, both calls to `f` are equivalent:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2345
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2339
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # fn f(f: &fn(int)) { } # fn g(i: int) { }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2347
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2341
|
||||
msgid "f(|j| g(j));"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2352
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2346
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"do f |j| {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4483,23 +4453,23 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2354
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2348
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In this example, both calls to the (binary) function `k` are equivalent:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2358
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2352
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # fn k(x:int, f: &fn(int)) { } # fn l(i: int) { }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2360
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2354
|
||||
msgid "k(3, |j| l(j));"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2365
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2359
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"do k(3) |j| {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4509,19 +4479,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2368
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2362
|
||||
msgid "### For expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2372
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2366
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} for_expr : \"for\" expr [ '|' ident_list '|' ] ? '{' "
|
||||
"block '}' ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2376
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2370
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _for expression_ is similar to a [`do` expression](#do-expressions), in "
|
||||
"that it provides a special block-form of lambda expression, suited to "
|
||||
@@ -4529,7 +4499,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2382
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2376
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In contrast to a `do` expression, a `for` expression is designed to work "
|
||||
"with methods such as `each` and `times`, that require the body block to "
|
||||
@@ -4539,7 +4509,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2389
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2383
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In addition, [`break`](#break-expressions) and [`loop`](#loop-expressions) "
|
||||
"expressions are rewritten inside `for` expressions in the same way that "
|
||||
@@ -4550,24 +4520,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2391
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2385
|
||||
msgid "An example of a for loop over the contents of a vector:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2398
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2392
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # type foo = int; # fn bar(f: foo) { } # let a = 0; # let b = 0; # let "
|
||||
"c = 0;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2400
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2394
|
||||
msgid "let v: &[foo] = &[a, b, c];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2405
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2399
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"for e in v.iter() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4577,30 +4547,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2407
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2401
|
||||
msgid "An example of a for loop over a series of integers:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2415
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2408
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::uint;\n"
|
||||
"# fn bar(b:uint) { }\n"
|
||||
"for uint::range(0, 256) |i| {\n"
|
||||
"for i in range(0u, 256) {\n"
|
||||
" bar(i);\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2417
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2410
|
||||
msgid "### If expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2421
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2414
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram}\n"
|
||||
@@ -4609,7 +4578,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2425
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2418
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"else_tail : \"else\" [ if_expr\n"
|
||||
@@ -4618,7 +4587,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2436
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2429
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An `if` expression is a conditional branch in program control. The form of "
|
||||
"an `if` expression is a condition expression, followed by a consequent "
|
||||
@@ -4632,29 +4601,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2439
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2432
|
||||
msgid "### Match expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2442
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2435
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} match_expr : \"match\" expr '{' match_arm [ '|' "
|
||||
"match_arm ] * '}' ;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2444
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2437
|
||||
msgid "match_arm : match_pat '=>' [ expr \",\" | '{' block '}' ] ;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2447
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2440
|
||||
msgid "match_pat : pat [ \"..\" pat ] ? [ \"if\" expr ] ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2455
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2448
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A `match` expression branches on a *pattern*. The exact form of matching "
|
||||
"that occurs depends on the pattern. Patterns consist of some combination of "
|
||||
@@ -4666,7 +4635,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2459
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2452
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In a pattern whose head expression has an `enum` type, a placeholder (`_`) "
|
||||
"stands for a *single* data field, whereas a wildcard `*` stands for *all* "
|
||||
@@ -4674,17 +4643,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2462
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2455
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ enum List<X> { Nil, Cons(X, @List<X>) }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2464 doc/rust.md:2493
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2457 doc/rust.md:2486
|
||||
msgid "let x: List<int> = Cons(10, @Cons(11, @Nil));"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2471
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2464
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"match x {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4696,7 +4665,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2476
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2469
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The first pattern matches lists constructed by applying `Cons` to any head "
|
||||
"value, and a tail value of `@Nil`. The second pattern matches _any_ list "
|
||||
@@ -4707,7 +4676,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2482
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2475
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To execute an `match` expression, first the head expression is evaluated, "
|
||||
"then its value is sequentially compared to the patterns in the arms until a "
|
||||
@@ -4717,22 +4686,22 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2484
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2477
|
||||
msgid "An example of an `match` expression:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2489
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2482
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # fn process_pair(a: int, b: int) { } # fn process_ten() { }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2491
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2484
|
||||
msgid "enum List<X> { Nil, Cons(X, @List<X>) }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2509
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2502
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"match x {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4753,17 +4722,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2515
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2509
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Patterns that bind variables default to binding to a copy or move of the "
|
||||
"matched value (depending on the matched value's type). This can be made "
|
||||
"explicit using the ```copy``` keyword, changed to bind to a borrowed pointer "
|
||||
"by using the ```ref``` keyword, or to a mutable borrowed pointer using "
|
||||
"```ref mut```."
|
||||
"matched value (depending on the matched value's type). This can be changed "
|
||||
"to bind to a borrowed pointer by using the ```ref``` keyword, or to a "
|
||||
"mutable borrowed pointer using ```ref mut```."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2526
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2520
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A pattern that's just an identifier, like `Nil` in the previous answer, "
|
||||
"could either refer to an enum variant that's in scope, or bind a new "
|
||||
@@ -4778,19 +4746,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2530
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2524
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Multiple match patterns may be joined with the `|` operator. A range of "
|
||||
"values may be specified with `..`. For example:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2533
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2527
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # let x = 2;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2540
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2534
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let message = match x {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4802,7 +4770,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2544
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2538
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Range patterns only work on scalar types (like integers and characters; not "
|
||||
"like vectors and structs, which have sub-components). A range pattern may "
|
||||
@@ -4810,7 +4778,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2549
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2543
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Finally, match patterns can accept *pattern guards* to further refine the "
|
||||
"criteria for matching a case. Pattern guards appear after the pattern and "
|
||||
@@ -4819,14 +4787,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2554
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2548
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # let maybe_digit = Some(0); # fn process_digit(i: int) { } # fn "
|
||||
"process_other(i: int) { }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2561
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2555
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let message = match maybe_digit {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4838,17 +4806,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2563
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2557
|
||||
msgid "### Return expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2567
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2561
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~{.ebnf .gram} return_expr : \"return\" expr ? ; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2572
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2566
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Return expressions are denoted with the keyword `return`. Evaluating a "
|
||||
"`return` expression moves its argument into the output slot of the current "
|
||||
@@ -4857,12 +4825,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2574
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2568
|
||||
msgid "An example of a `return` expression:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2583
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2577
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -4876,24 +4844,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2586
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2580
|
||||
msgid "# Type system"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2588
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2582
|
||||
msgid "## Types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2591
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2585
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Every slot, item and value in a Rust program has a type. The _type_ of a "
|
||||
"*value* defines the interpretation of the memory holding it."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2595
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2589
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Built-in types and type-constructors are tightly integrated into the "
|
||||
"language, in nontrivial ways that are not possible to emulate in user-"
|
||||
@@ -4901,17 +4869,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2597
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2591
|
||||
msgid "### Primitive types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2599
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2593
|
||||
msgid "The primitive types are the following:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2605
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2599
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The \"unit\" type `()`, having the single \"unit\" value `()` (occasionally "
|
||||
"called \"nil\"). ^[The \"unit\" value `()` is *not* a sentinel \"null "
|
||||
@@ -4922,32 +4890,32 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2605
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2599
|
||||
msgid "The boolean type `bool` with values `true` and `false`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2605
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2599
|
||||
msgid "The machine types."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2605
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2599
|
||||
msgid "The machine-dependent integer and floating-point types."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2607
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2601
|
||||
msgid "#### Machine types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2609
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2603
|
||||
msgid "The machine types are the following:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2614
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2608
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The unsigned word types `u8`, `u16`, `u32` and `u64`, with values drawn from "
|
||||
"the integer intervals $[0, 2^8 - 1]$, $[0, 2^{16} - 1]$, $[0, 2^{32} - 1]$ "
|
||||
@@ -4955,7 +4923,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2619
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2613
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The signed two's complement word types `i8`, `i16`, `i32` and `i64`, with "
|
||||
"values drawn from the integer intervals $[-(2^7), 2^7 - 1]$, $[-(2^{15}), "
|
||||
@@ -4964,19 +4932,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2622
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2616
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The IEEE 754-2008 `binary32` and `binary64` floating-point types: `f32` and "
|
||||
"`f64`, respectively."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2624
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2618
|
||||
msgid "#### Machine-dependent integer types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2629
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2623
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust type `uint`^[A Rust `uint` is analogous to a C99 `uintptr_t`.] is "
|
||||
"an unsigned integer type with target-machine-dependent size. Its size, in "
|
||||
@@ -4985,7 +4953,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2634
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2628
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust type `int`^[A Rust `int` is analogous to a C99 `intptr_t`.] is a "
|
||||
"two's complement signed integer type with target-machine-dependent size. Its "
|
||||
@@ -4994,12 +4962,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2637
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2631
|
||||
msgid "#### Machine-dependent floating point type"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2644
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2638
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust type `float` is a machine-specific type equal to one of the "
|
||||
"supported Rust floating-point machine types (`f32` or `f64`). It is the "
|
||||
@@ -5010,31 +4978,31 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2647
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2641
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Note that due to the preference for hardware-supported floating-point, the "
|
||||
"type `float` may not be equal to the largest *supported* floating-point type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2650
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2644
|
||||
msgid "### Textual types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2652
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2646
|
||||
msgid "The types `char` and `str` hold textual data."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2655
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2649
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A value of type `char` is a Unicode character, represented as a 32-bit "
|
||||
"unsigned word holding a UCS-4 codepoint."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2661
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2655
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A value of type `str` is a Unicode string, represented as a vector of 8-bit "
|
||||
"unsigned bytes holding a sequence of UTF-8 codepoints. Since `str` is of "
|
||||
@@ -5043,61 +5011,61 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2664
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2658
|
||||
msgid "### Tuple types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2667
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2661
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The tuple type-constructor forms a new heterogeneous product of values "
|
||||
"similar to the record type-constructor. The differences are as follows:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2670
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2664
|
||||
msgid "tuple elements cannot be mutable, unlike record fields"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2670
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2664
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"tuple elements are not named and can be accessed only by pattern-matching"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2674
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2668
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Tuple types and values are denoted by listing the types or values of their "
|
||||
"elements, respectively, in a parenthesized, comma-separated list."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2677
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2671
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The members of a tuple are laid out in memory contiguously, like a record, "
|
||||
"in order specified by the tuple type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2679
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2673
|
||||
msgid "An example of a tuple type and its use:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2686
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2680
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ type Pair<'self> = (int,&'self str); let p: Pair<'static> = (10,\"hello"
|
||||
"\"); let (a, b) = p; assert!(b != \"world\"); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2689
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2683
|
||||
msgid "### Vector types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2702
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2696
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The vector type constructor represents a homogeneous array of values of a "
|
||||
"given type. A vector has a fixed size. (Operations like `vec.push` operate "
|
||||
@@ -5112,7 +5080,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2706
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2700
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Expressions producing vectors of definite size cannot be evaluated in a "
|
||||
"context expecting a vector of indefinite size; one must copy the definite-"
|
||||
@@ -5120,30 +5088,30 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2708
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2702
|
||||
msgid "An example of a vector type and its use:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2714
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2708
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ let v: &[int] = &[7, 5, 3]; let i: int = v[2]; assert!(i == 3); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2717
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2711
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"All in-bounds elements of a vector are always initialized, and access to a "
|
||||
"vector is always bounds-checked."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2720
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2714
|
||||
msgid "### Structure types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2725
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2719
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A `struct` *type* is a heterogeneous product of other types, called the "
|
||||
"*fields* of the type. ^[`struct` types are analogous `struct` types in C, "
|
||||
@@ -5152,14 +5120,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2727
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2721
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"New instances of a `struct` can be constructed with a [struct expression]"
|
||||
"(#struct-expressions)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2731
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2725
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The memory order of fields in a `struct` is given by the item defining it. "
|
||||
"Fields may be given in any order in a corresponding struct *expression*; the "
|
||||
@@ -5168,7 +5136,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2734
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2728
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The fields of a `struct` may be qualified by [visibility modifiers]"
|
||||
"(#visibility-modifiers), to restrict access to implementation-private data "
|
||||
@@ -5176,14 +5144,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2736
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2730
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _tuple struct_ type is just like a structure type, except that the fields "
|
||||
"are anonymous."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2739
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2733
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _unit-like struct_ type is like a structure type, except that it has no "
|
||||
"fields. The one value constructed by the associated [structure expression]"
|
||||
@@ -5191,12 +5159,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2741
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2735
|
||||
msgid "### Enumerated types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2746
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2740
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An *enumerated type* is a nominal, heterogeneous disjoint union type, "
|
||||
"denoted by the name of an [`enum` item](#enumerations). ^[The `enum` type "
|
||||
@@ -5205,7 +5173,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2749
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2743
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An [`enum` item](#enumerations) declares both the type and a number of "
|
||||
"*variant constructors*, each of which is independently named and takes an "
|
||||
@@ -5213,33 +5181,33 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2752
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2746
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"New instances of an `enum` can be constructed by calling one of the variant "
|
||||
"constructors, in a [call expression](#call-expressions)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2754
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2748
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Any `enum` value consumes as much memory as the largest variant constructor "
|
||||
"for its corresponding `enum` type."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2757
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2751
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Enum types cannot be denoted *structurally* as types, but must be denoted by "
|
||||
"named reference to an [`enum` item](#enumerations)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2760
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2754
|
||||
msgid "### Recursive types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2764
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2758
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Nominal types -- [enumerations](#enumerated-types) and [structures]"
|
||||
"(#structure-types) -- may be recursive. That is, each `enum` constructor or "
|
||||
@@ -5248,7 +5216,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2774
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2768
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"* Recursive types must include a nominal type in the recursion\n"
|
||||
@@ -5263,12 +5231,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2776
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2770
|
||||
msgid "An example of a *recursive* type and its use:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2782
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2776
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -5279,17 +5247,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2785
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2779
|
||||
msgid "let a: List<int> = Cons(7, @Cons(13, @Nil)); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2788
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2782
|
||||
msgid "### Pointer types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2792
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2786
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"All pointers in Rust are explicit first-class values. They can be copied, "
|
||||
"stored into data structures, and returned from functions. There are four "
|
||||
@@ -5297,7 +5265,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2802
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2796
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Managed pointers (`@`)\n"
|
||||
@@ -5312,7 +5280,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2811
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2805
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Owning pointers (`~`)\n"
|
||||
@@ -5326,7 +5294,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2824
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2818
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Borrowed pointers (`&`)\n"
|
||||
@@ -5344,7 +5312,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2834
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2828
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Raw pointers (`*`)\n"
|
||||
@@ -5359,12 +5327,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2837
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2831
|
||||
msgid "### Function types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2841
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2835
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The function type constructor `fn` forms new function types. A function "
|
||||
"type consists of a possibly-empty set of function-type modifiers (such as "
|
||||
@@ -5372,12 +5340,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2843
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2837
|
||||
msgid "An example of a `fn` type:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2848
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2842
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -5387,24 +5355,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2850
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2844
|
||||
msgid "let mut x = add(5,7);"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2855
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2849
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"type Binop<'self> = &'self fn(int,int) -> int; let bo: Binop = add; x = "
|
||||
"bo(5,7); ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2857
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2851
|
||||
msgid "### Object types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2864
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2858
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Every trait item (see [traits](#traits)) defines a type with the same name "
|
||||
"as the trait. This type is called the _object type_ of the trait. Object "
|
||||
@@ -5417,7 +5385,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2869
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2863
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Given a pointer-typed expression `E` of type `&T`, `~T` or `@T`, where `T` "
|
||||
"implements trait `R`, casting `E` to the corresponding pointer type `&R`, "
|
||||
@@ -5427,12 +5395,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2871
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2865
|
||||
msgid "An example of an object type:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2877
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2871
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -5443,7 +5411,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2881
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2875
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Printable for int {\n"
|
||||
@@ -5452,7 +5420,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2885
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2879
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn print(a: @Printable) {\n"
|
||||
@@ -5461,7 +5429,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2890
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2884
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -5471,59 +5439,61 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2893
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2887
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In this example, the trait `Printable` occurs as an object type in both the "
|
||||
"type signature of `print`, and the cast expression in `main`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2895
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2889
|
||||
msgid "### Type parameters"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2897
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2891
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Within the body of an item that has type parameter declarations, the names "
|
||||
"of its type parameters are types:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2906
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2902
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
"fn map<A: Copy, B: Copy>(f: &fn(A) -> B, xs: &[A]) -> ~[B] {\n"
|
||||
" if xs.len() == 0 { return ~[]; }\n"
|
||||
" let first: B = f(copy xs[0]);\n"
|
||||
" let rest: ~[B] = map(f, xs.slice(1, xs.len()));\n"
|
||||
" return ~[first] + rest;\n"
|
||||
"fn map<A: Clone, B: Clone>(f: &fn(A) -> B, xs: &[A]) -> ~[B] {\n"
|
||||
" if xs.len() == 0 {\n"
|
||||
" return ~[];\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
" let first: B = f(xs[0].clone());\n"
|
||||
" let rest: ~[B] = map(f, xs.slice(1, xs.len()));\n"
|
||||
" return ~[first] + rest;\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2909
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2905
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Here, `first` has type `B`, referring to `map`'s `B` type parameter; and "
|
||||
"`rest` has type `~[B]`, a vector type with element type `B`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2911
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2907
|
||||
msgid "### Self types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2915
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2911
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The special type `self` has a meaning within methods inside an impl item. It "
|
||||
"refers to the type of the implicit `self` argument. For example, in:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2920
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2916
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -5533,61 +5503,69 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2925
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2923
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Printable for ~str {\n"
|
||||
" fn make_string(&self) -> ~str { copy *self }\n"
|
||||
" fn make_string(&self) -> ~str {\n"
|
||||
" (*self).clone()\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2928
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2926
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`self` refers to the value of type `~str` that is the receiver for a call to "
|
||||
"the method `make_string`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2930
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2928
|
||||
msgid "## Type kinds"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2933
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2931
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Types in Rust are categorized into kinds, based on various properties of the "
|
||||
"components of the type. The kinds are:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2953
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2957
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`Freeze`\n"
|
||||
" : Types of this kind are deeply immutable;\n"
|
||||
" they contain no mutable memory locations directly or indirectly via pointers.\n"
|
||||
" they contain no mutable memory locations\n"
|
||||
" directly or indirectly via pointers.\n"
|
||||
"`Send`\n"
|
||||
" : Types of this kind can be safely sent between tasks.\n"
|
||||
" This kind includes scalars, owning pointers, owned closures, and\n"
|
||||
" structural types containing only other owned types. All `Send` types are `Static`.\n"
|
||||
"`Copy`\n"
|
||||
" : This kind includes all types that can be copied. All types with\n"
|
||||
" sendable kind are copyable, as are managed boxes, managed closures,\n"
|
||||
" trait types, and structural types built out of these.\n"
|
||||
" Types with destructors (types that implement `Drop`) can not implement `Copy`.\n"
|
||||
" structural types containing only other owned types.\n"
|
||||
" All `Send` types are `'static`.\n"
|
||||
"`'static`\n"
|
||||
" : Types of this kind do not contain any borrowed pointers;\n"
|
||||
" this can be a useful guarantee for code\n"
|
||||
" that breaks borrowing assumptions\n"
|
||||
" using [`unsafe` operations](#unsafe-functions).\n"
|
||||
"`Drop`\n"
|
||||
" : This is not strictly a kind, but its presence interacts with kinds: the `Drop`\n"
|
||||
" trait provides a single method `drop` that takes no parameters, and is run\n"
|
||||
" when values of the type are dropped. Such a method is called a \"destructor\",\n"
|
||||
" and are always executed in \"top-down\" order: a value is completely destroyed\n"
|
||||
" before any of the values it owns run their destructors. Only `Send` types\n"
|
||||
" that do not implement `Copy` can implement `Drop`.\n"
|
||||
" : This is not strictly a kind,\n"
|
||||
" but its presence interacts with kinds:\n"
|
||||
" the `Drop` trait provides a single method `drop`\n"
|
||||
" that takes no parameters,\n"
|
||||
" and is run when values of the type are dropped.\n"
|
||||
" Such a method is called a \"destructor\",\n"
|
||||
" and are always executed in \"top-down\" order:\n"
|
||||
" a value is completely destroyed\n"
|
||||
" before any of the values it owns run their destructors.\n"
|
||||
" Only `Send` types can implement `Drop`.\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2960
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2964
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"_Default_\n"
|
||||
@@ -5599,67 +5577,36 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2963
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2967
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Kinds can be supplied as _bounds_ on type parameters, like traits, in which "
|
||||
"case the parameter is constrained to types satisfying that kind."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2965
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"By default, type parameters do not carry any assumed kind-bounds at all."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2969
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Any operation that causes a value to be copied requires the type of that "
|
||||
"value to be of copyable kind, so the `Copy` bound is frequently required on "
|
||||
"function type parameters. For example, this is not a valid program:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2973
|
||||
msgid "~~~~{.xfail-test} fn box<T>(x: T) -> @T { @x } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2976
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Putting `x` into a managed box involves copying, and the `T` parameter has "
|
||||
"the default (non-copyable) kind. To change that, a bound is declared:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2980
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ fn box<T: Copy>(x: T) -> @T { @x } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2985
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Calling this second version of `box` on a noncopyable type is not allowed. "
|
||||
"By default, type parameters do not carry any assumed kind-bounds at all. "
|
||||
"When instantiating a type parameter, the kind bounds on the parameter are "
|
||||
"checked to be the same or narrower than the kind of the type that it is "
|
||||
"instantiated with."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2989
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2978
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Sending operations are not part of the Rust language, but are implemented in "
|
||||
"the library. Generic functions that send values bound the kind of these "
|
||||
"the library. Generic functions that send values bound the kind of these "
|
||||
"values to sendable."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2991
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2980
|
||||
msgid "# Memory and concurrency models"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2996
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2985
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust has a memory model centered around concurrently-executing _tasks_. Thus "
|
||||
"its memory model and its concurrency model are best discussed "
|
||||
@@ -5668,7 +5615,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3001
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2990
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When reading about the memory model, keep in mind that it is partitioned in "
|
||||
"order to support tasks; and when reading about tasks, keep in mind that "
|
||||
@@ -5677,12 +5624,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3003
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2992
|
||||
msgid "## Memory model"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3007
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2996
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A Rust program's memory consists of a static set of *items*, a set of [tasks]"
|
||||
"(#tasks) each with its own *stack*, and a *heap*. Immutable portions of the "
|
||||
@@ -5690,19 +5637,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3010
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2999
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Allocations in the stack consist of *slots*, and allocations in the heap "
|
||||
"consist of *boxes*."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3013
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3002
|
||||
msgid "### Memory allocation and lifetime"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3018
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3007
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The _items_ of a program are those functions, modules and types that have "
|
||||
"their value calculated at compile-time and stored uniquely in the memory "
|
||||
@@ -5710,7 +5657,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3022
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3011
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A task's _stack_ consists of activation frames automatically allocated on "
|
||||
"entry to each function as the task executes. A stack allocation is reclaimed "
|
||||
@@ -5718,7 +5665,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3029
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3018
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The _heap_ is a general term that describes two separate sets of boxes: "
|
||||
"managed boxes -- which may be subject to garbage collection -- and owned "
|
||||
@@ -5729,19 +5676,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3031
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3020
|
||||
msgid "### Memory ownership"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3034
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3023
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A task owns all memory it can *safely* reach through local variables, as "
|
||||
"well as managed, owning and borrowed pointers."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3041
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3030
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When a task sends a value that has the `Send` trait to another task, it "
|
||||
"loses ownership of the value sent and can no longer refer to it. This is "
|
||||
@@ -5752,14 +5699,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3044
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3033
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When a stack frame is exited, its local allocations are all released, and "
|
||||
"its references to boxes (both managed and owned) are dropped."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3050
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3039
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A managed box may (in the case of a recursive, mutable managed type) be "
|
||||
"cyclic; in this case the release of memory inside the managed structure may "
|
||||
@@ -5769,38 +5716,38 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3053
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3042
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When a task finishes, its stack is necessarily empty and it therefore has no "
|
||||
"references to any boxes; the remainder of its heap is immediately freed."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3056
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3045
|
||||
msgid "### Memory slots"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3058
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3047
|
||||
msgid "A task's stack contains slots."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3061
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3050
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _slot_ is a component of a stack frame, either a function parameter, a "
|
||||
"[temporary](#lvalues-rvalues-and-temporaries), or a local variable."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3064
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3053
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _local variable_ (or *stack-local* allocation) holds a value directly, "
|
||||
"allocated within the stack's memory. The value is a part of the stack frame."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3069
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3058
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Local variables are immutable unless declared with `let mut`. The `mut` "
|
||||
"keyword applies to all local variables declared within that declaration (so "
|
||||
@@ -5808,7 +5755,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3074
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3063
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Function parameters are immutable unless declared with `mut`. The `mut` "
|
||||
"keyword applies only to the following parameter (so `|mut x, y|` and `fn "
|
||||
@@ -5817,7 +5764,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3080
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3069
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Local variables are not initialized when allocated; the entire frame worth "
|
||||
"of local variables are allocated at once, on frame-entry, in an "
|
||||
@@ -5827,31 +5774,31 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3083
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3072
|
||||
msgid "### Memory boxes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3086
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3075
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _box_ is a reference to a heap allocation holding another value. There are "
|
||||
"two kinds of boxes: *managed boxes* and *owned boxes*."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3088
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3077
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A _managed box_ type or value is constructed by the prefix *at* sigil `@`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3090
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3079
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An _owned box_ type or value is constructed by the prefix *tilde* sigil `~`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3095
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3084
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Multiple managed box values can point to the same heap allocation; copying a "
|
||||
"managed box value makes a shallow copy of the pointer (optionally "
|
||||
@@ -5860,41 +5807,39 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3099
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3086
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Owned box values exist in 1:1 correspondence with their heap allocation; "
|
||||
"copying an owned box value makes a deep copy of the heap allocation and "
|
||||
"produces a pointer to the new allocation."
|
||||
"Owned box values exist in 1:1 correspondence with their heap allocation."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3102
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3089
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An example of constructing one managed box type and value, and one owned box "
|
||||
"type and value:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3107
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3094
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~ let x: @int = @10; let x: ~int = ~10; ~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3110
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3097
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Some operations (such as field selection) implicitly dereference boxes. An "
|
||||
"example of an _implicit dereference_ operation performed on box values:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3116
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3103
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~ struct Foo { y: int } let x = @Foo{y: 10}; assert!(x.y == 10); "
|
||||
"~~~~~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3122
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3109
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Other operations act on box values as single-word-sized address values. For "
|
||||
"these operations, to access the value held in the box requires an explicit "
|
||||
@@ -5904,33 +5849,33 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3125
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3112
|
||||
msgid "copying box values (`x = y`)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3125
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3112
|
||||
msgid "passing box values to functions (`f(x,y)`)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3128
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3115
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An example of an explicit-dereference operation performed on box values:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3132
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3119
|
||||
msgid "~~~~~~~~ fn takes_boxed(b: @int) { }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3135
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3122
|
||||
msgid "fn takes_unboxed(b: int) { }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3142
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3129
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -5942,12 +5887,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3144
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3131
|
||||
msgid "## Tasks"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3152
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3139
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An executing Rust program consists of a tree of tasks. A Rust _task_ "
|
||||
"consists of an entry function, a stack, a set of outgoing communication "
|
||||
@@ -5958,7 +5903,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3167
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3154
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Multiple Rust tasks may coexist in a single operating-system process. The "
|
||||
"runtime scheduler maps tasks to a certain number of operating-system "
|
||||
@@ -5977,12 +5922,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3170
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3157
|
||||
msgid "### Communication between tasks"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3175
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3162
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust tasks are isolated and generally unable to interfere with one another's "
|
||||
"memory directly, except through [`unsafe` code](#unsafe-functions). All "
|
||||
@@ -5991,33 +5936,33 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3178
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3165
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Inter-task communication and co-ordination facilities are provided in the "
|
||||
"standard library. These include:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' - '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3182
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3169
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"synchronous and asynchronous communication channels with various "
|
||||
"communication topologies"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' - '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3182
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3169
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"read-only and read-write shared variables with various safe mutual exclusion "
|
||||
"patterns"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: ' - '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3182
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3169
|
||||
msgid "simple locks and semaphores"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3187
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3174
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When such facilities carry values, the values are restricted to the [`Send` "
|
||||
"type-kind](#type-kinds). Restricting communication interfaces to this kind "
|
||||
@@ -6028,39 +5973,39 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3190
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3177
|
||||
msgid "### Task lifecycle"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3193
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3180
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The _lifecycle_ of a task consists of a finite set of states and events that "
|
||||
"cause transitions between the states. The lifecycle states of a task are:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3198
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3185
|
||||
msgid "running"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3198
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3185
|
||||
msgid "blocked"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3198
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3185
|
||||
msgid "failing"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3198
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3185
|
||||
msgid "dead"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3202
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3189
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A task begins its lifecycle -- once it has been spawned -- in the *running* "
|
||||
"state. In this state it executes the statements of its entry function, and "
|
||||
@@ -6068,7 +6013,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3208
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3195
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A task may transition from the *running* state to the *blocked* state any "
|
||||
"time it makes a blocking communication call. When the call can be completed "
|
||||
@@ -6078,7 +6023,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3227
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3214
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A task may transition to the *failing* state at any time, due being killed "
|
||||
"by some external event or internally, from the evaluation of a `fail!()` "
|
||||
@@ -6101,7 +6046,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3231
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3218
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A task in the *dead* state cannot transition to other states; it exists only "
|
||||
"to have its termination status inspected by other tasks, and/or to await "
|
||||
@@ -6109,12 +6054,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3234
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3221
|
||||
msgid "### Task scheduling"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3238
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3225
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The currently scheduled task is given a finite *time slice* in which to "
|
||||
"execute, after which it is *descheduled* at a loop-edge or similar "
|
||||
@@ -6122,7 +6067,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3242
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3229
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An executing task can yield control at any time, by making a library call to "
|
||||
"`std::task::yield`, which deschedules it immediately. Entering any other non-"
|
||||
@@ -6130,12 +6075,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3245
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3232
|
||||
msgid "# Runtime services, linkage and debugging"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3252
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3239
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust _runtime_ is a relatively compact collection of C++ and Rust code "
|
||||
"that provides fundamental services and datatypes to all Rust tasks at run-"
|
||||
@@ -6145,19 +6090,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3254
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3241
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> **Note:** The runtime library will merge with the `std` library in future "
|
||||
"versions of Rust."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3256
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3243
|
||||
msgid "### Memory allocation"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3262
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3249
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The runtime memory-management system is based on a _service-provider "
|
||||
"interface_, through which the runtime requests blocks of memory from its "
|
||||
@@ -6167,7 +6112,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3266
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3253
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The runtime memory-management system, in turn, supplies Rust tasks with "
|
||||
"facilities for allocating, extending and releasing stacks, as well as "
|
||||
@@ -6175,12 +6120,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3268
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3255
|
||||
msgid "### Built in types"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3272
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3259
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The runtime provides C and Rust code to assist with various built-in types, "
|
||||
"such as vectors, strings, and the low level communication system (ports, "
|
||||
@@ -6188,19 +6133,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3275
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3262
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Support for other built-in types such as simple types, tuples, records, and "
|
||||
"enums is open-coded by the Rust compiler."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3279
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3266
|
||||
msgid "### Task scheduling and communication"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3285
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3272
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The runtime provides code to manage inter-task communication. This includes "
|
||||
"the system of task-lifecycle state transitions depending on the contents of "
|
||||
@@ -6210,12 +6155,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3288
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3275
|
||||
msgid "### Logging system"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3292
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3279
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The runtime contains a system for directing [logging expressions](#log-"
|
||||
"expressions) to a logging console and/or internal logging buffers. Logging "
|
||||
@@ -6223,7 +6168,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3299
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3286
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Logging output is enabled by setting the `RUST_LOG` environment variable. "
|
||||
"`RUST_LOG` accepts a logging specification made up of a comma-separated list "
|
||||
@@ -6234,7 +6179,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3307
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3294
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The path to a module consists of the crate name, any parent modules, then "
|
||||
"the module itself, all separated by double colons (`::`). The optional log "
|
||||
@@ -6245,7 +6190,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3313
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3300
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"As an example, to see all the logs generated by the compiler, you would set "
|
||||
"`RUST_LOG` to `rustc`, which is the crate name (as specified in its `link` "
|
||||
@@ -6255,17 +6200,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3318
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3305
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Note that when compiling either `.rs` or `.rc` files that don't specify a "
|
||||
"crate name the crate is given a default name that matches the source file, "
|
||||
"with the extension removed. In that case, to turn on logging for a program "
|
||||
"compiled from, e.g. `helloworld.rs`, `RUST_LOG` should be set to "
|
||||
"`helloworld`."
|
||||
"Note that when compiling source files that don't specify a crate name the "
|
||||
"crate is given a default name that matches the source file, with the "
|
||||
"extension removed. In that case, to turn on logging for a program compiled "
|
||||
"from, e.g. `helloworld.rs`, `RUST_LOG` should be set to `helloworld`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3322
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3309
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"As a convenience, the logging spec can also be set to a special pseudo-"
|
||||
"crate, `::help`. In this case, when the application starts, the runtime will "
|
||||
@@ -6273,7 +6217,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3327
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3314
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust runtime itself generates logging information. The runtime's logs "
|
||||
"are generated for a number of artificial modules in the `::rt` pseudo-crate, "
|
||||
@@ -6282,84 +6226,84 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::mem` Memory management"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::comm` Messaging and task communication"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::task` Task management"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::dom` Task scheduling"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::trace` Unused"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::cache` Type descriptor cache"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::upcall` Compiler-generated runtime calls"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::timer` The scheduler timer"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::gc` Garbage collection"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::stdlib` Functions used directly by the standard library"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::kern` The runtime kernel"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::backtrace` Log a backtrace on task failure"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3341
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3328
|
||||
msgid "`::rt::callback` Unused"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3343
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3330
|
||||
msgid "#### Logging Expressions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3346
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3333
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust provides several macros to log information. Here's a simple Rust "
|
||||
"program that demonstrates all four of them:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3355
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3342
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"```rust\n"
|
||||
@@ -6373,13 +6317,13 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3357
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3344
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"These four log levels correspond to levels 1-4, as controlled by `RUST_LOG`:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3364
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3351
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"```bash $ RUST_LOG=rust=3 ./rust rust: ~\"\\\"This is an error log\\\"\" "
|
||||
"rust: ~\"\\\"This is a warn log\\\"\" rust: ~\"\\\"this is an info log\\\"\" "
|
||||
@@ -6387,28 +6331,28 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3366
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3353
|
||||
msgid "# Appendix: Rationales and design tradeoffs"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3368
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3355
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid "*TODO*.\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3370
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3357
|
||||
msgid "# Appendix: Influences and further references"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3372
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3359
|
||||
msgid "## Influences"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3381
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3368
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> The essential problem that must be solved in making a fault-tolerant > "
|
||||
"software system is therefore that of fault-isolation. Different programmers "
|
||||
@@ -6419,7 +6363,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3393
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3380
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> In our approach, all data is private to some process, and processes can > "
|
||||
"only communicate through communications channels. *Security*, as used > in "
|
||||
@@ -6431,7 +6375,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3401
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3388
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> Concurrent and applicative programming complement each other. The > "
|
||||
"ability to send messages on channels provides I/O without side effects, > "
|
||||
@@ -6440,7 +6384,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3408
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3395
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust is not a particularly original language. It may however appear unusual "
|
||||
"by contemporary standards, as its design elements are drawn from a number of "
|
||||
@@ -6450,7 +6394,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3412
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3399
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The NIL (1981) and Hermes (1990) family. These languages were developed by "
|
||||
"Robert Strom, Shaula Yemini, David Bacon and others in their group at IBM "
|
||||
@@ -6458,7 +6402,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3416
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3403
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Erlang (1987) language, developed by Joe Armstrong, Robert Virding, "
|
||||
"Claes Wikström, Mike Williams and others in their group at the Ericsson "
|
||||
@@ -6466,7 +6410,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3421
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3408
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Sather (1990) language, developed by Stephen Omohundro, Chu-Cheow Lim, "
|
||||
"Heinz Schmidt and others in their group at The International Computer "
|
||||
@@ -6475,7 +6419,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3426
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3413
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Newsqueak (1988), Alef (1995), and Limbo (1996) family. These languages "
|
||||
"were developed by Rob Pike, Phil Winterbottom, Sean Dorward and others in "
|
||||
@@ -6484,7 +6428,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3430
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3417
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Napier (1985) and Napier88 (1988) family. These languages were developed "
|
||||
"by Malcolm Atkinson, Ron Morrison and others in their group at the "
|
||||
@@ -6492,47 +6436,47 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3432
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3419
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Additional specific influences can be seen from the following languages:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The stack-growth implementation of Go."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The structural algebraic types and compilation manager of SML."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The attribute and assembly systems of C#."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The references and deterministic destructor system of C++."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The memory region systems of the ML Kit and Cyclone."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The typeclass system of Haskell."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The lexical identifier rule of Python."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3440
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:3427
|
||||
msgid "The block syntax of Ruby."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
+34
-26
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:18+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-30 07:07+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
|
||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
||||
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ msgid "# Package identifiers"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:79
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:87
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A package identifier identifies a package uniquely. A package can be stored "
|
||||
"in a workspace on the local file system, or on a remote Web server, in which "
|
||||
@@ -169,51 +169,59 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
"github.com/mozilla/rust`. A package ID can also specify a version, like: "
|
||||
"`github.com/mozilla/rust#0.3`. In this case, `rustpkg` will check that the "
|
||||
"repository `github.com/mozilla/rust` has a tag named `0.3`, and report an "
|
||||
"error otherwise."
|
||||
"error otherwise. A package ID can also specify a particular revision of a "
|
||||
"repository, like: `github.com/mozilla/rust#release-0.7`. When the refspec "
|
||||
"(portion of the package ID after the `#`) can't be parsed as a decimal "
|
||||
"number, rustpkg passes the refspec along to the version control system "
|
||||
"without interpreting it. rustpkg also interprets any dependencies on such a "
|
||||
"package ID literally (as opposed to versions, where a newer version "
|
||||
"satisfies a dependency on an older version). Thus, `github.com/mozilla/"
|
||||
"rust#5c4cd30f80` is also a valid package ID, since git can deduce that "
|
||||
"5c4cd30f80 refers to a revision of the desired repository."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:81
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:89
|
||||
msgid "## Source files"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:83
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:91
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"rustpkg searches for four different fixed filenames in order to determine "
|
||||
"the crates to build:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:88
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:96
|
||||
msgid "`main.rs`: Assumed to be a main entry point for building an executable."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:88
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:96
|
||||
msgid "`lib.rs`: Assumed to be a library crate."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:88
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:96
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`test.rs`: Assumed to contain tests declared with the `#[test]` attribute."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:88
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:96
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`bench.rs`: Assumed to contain benchmarks declared with the `#[bench]` "
|
||||
"attribute."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:90
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:98
|
||||
msgid "## Versions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:97
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:105
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`rustpkg` packages do not need to declare their versions with an attribute "
|
||||
"inside one of the source files, because `rustpkg` infers it from the version "
|
||||
@@ -224,12 +232,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:99
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:107
|
||||
msgid "# Dependencies"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:103
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:111
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"rustpkg infers dependencies from `extern mod` directives. Thus, there "
|
||||
"should be no need to pass a `-L` flag to rustpkg to tell it where to find a "
|
||||
@@ -238,12 +246,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:105
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:113
|
||||
msgid "# Custom build scripts"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:109
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:117
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A file called `pkg.rs` at the root level in a workspace is called a *package "
|
||||
"script*. If a package script exists, rustpkg executes it to build the "
|
||||
@@ -251,7 +259,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:113
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:121
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Inside `pkg.rs`, it's possible to call back into rustpkg to finish up the "
|
||||
"build. `rustpkg::api` contains functions to build, install, or clean "
|
||||
@@ -260,17 +268,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:115
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:123
|
||||
msgid "# Command reference"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:117
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:125
|
||||
msgid "## build"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:123
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:131
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`rustpkg build foo` searches for a package with ID `foo` and builds it in "
|
||||
"any workspace(s) where it finds one. Supposing such packages are found in "
|
||||
@@ -279,22 +287,22 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:125
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:133
|
||||
msgid "## clean"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:127
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:135
|
||||
msgid "`rustpkg clean foo` deletes the contents of `foo`'s `build` directory."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:129
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:137
|
||||
msgid "## install"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:133
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:141
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`rustpkg install foo` builds the libraries and/or executables that are "
|
||||
"targets for `foo`, and then installs them either into `foo`'s `lib` and "
|
||||
@@ -303,12 +311,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:135
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:143
|
||||
msgid "## test"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:137
|
||||
#: doc/rustpkg.md:145
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`rustpkg test foo` builds `foo`'s `test.rs` file if necessary, then runs the "
|
||||
"resulting test executable."
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:18+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-22 23:37+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
|
||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
||||
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ msgid "# Introduction"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1111 doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:72
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1108 doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:72
|
||||
msgid "Now we can call `compute_distance()` in various ways:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Although borrowed pointers have rather elaborate theoretical underpinnings "
|
||||
"(region pointers), the core concepts will be familiar to anyone who has "
|
||||
"worked with C or C++. Therefore, the best way to explain how they are "
|
||||
"usedand their limitationsis probably just to work through several examples."
|
||||
"worked with C or C++. Therefore, the best way to explain how they are used—"
|
||||
"and their limitations—is probably just to work through several examples."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
"any two points, no matter where they were stored. For example, we might like "
|
||||
"to compute the distance between `on_the_stack` and `managed_box`, or between "
|
||||
"`managed_box` and `owned_box`. One option is to define a function that takes "
|
||||
"two arguments of type `Point`that is, it takes the points by value. But if "
|
||||
"two arguments of type `Point`—that is, it takes the points by value. But if "
|
||||
"we define it this way, calling the function will cause the points to be "
|
||||
"copied. For points, this is probably not so bad, but often copies are "
|
||||
"expensive. Worse, if the data type contains mutable fields, copying can "
|
||||
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:186
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Weve seen a few examples so far of borrowing heap boxes, both managed and "
|
||||
"owned. Up till this point, weve glossed over issues of safety. As stated in "
|
||||
"We’ve seen a few examples so far of borrowing heap boxes, both managed and "
|
||||
"owned. Up till this point, we’ve glossed over issues of safety. As stated in "
|
||||
"the introduction, at runtime a borrowed pointer is simply a pointer, nothing "
|
||||
"more. Therefore, avoiding C's problems with dangling pointers requires a "
|
||||
"compile-time safety check."
|
||||
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:376
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"As an example, lets look at the following `shape` type that can represent "
|
||||
"As an example, let’s look at the following `shape` type that can represent "
|
||||
"both rectangles and circles:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:483
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"So far, all of the examples we have looked at, use borrowed pointers in a "
|
||||
"downward direction. That is, a method or code block creates a borrowed "
|
||||
"“downward” direction. That is, a method or code block creates a borrowed "
|
||||
"pointer, then uses it within the same scope. It is also possible to return "
|
||||
"borrowed pointers as the result of a function, but as we'll see, doing so "
|
||||
"requires some explicit annotation."
|
||||
@@ -844,7 +844,7 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Named lifetimes that appear in function signatures are conceptually the same "
|
||||
"as the other lifetimes we have seen before, but they are a bit abstract: "
|
||||
"they dont refer to a specific expression within `get_x()`, but rather to "
|
||||
"they don’t refer to a specific expression within `get_x()`, but rather to "
|
||||
"some expression within the *caller of `get_x()`*. The lifetime `r` is "
|
||||
"actually a kind of *lifetime parameter*: it is defined by the caller to "
|
||||
"`get_x()`, just as the value for the parameter `p` is defined by that caller."
|
||||
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:526
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To emphasize this point, lets look at a variation on the example, this time "
|
||||
"To emphasize this point, let’s look at a variation on the example, this time "
|
||||
"one that does not compile:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:18+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-08-05 19:40+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
|
||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
||||
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -242,40 +242,41 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:112
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Containers implement iteration over the contained elements by returning an "
|
||||
"iterator object. For example, vector slices have four iterators available:"
|
||||
"iterator object. For example, vector slices several iterators available:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:117
|
||||
msgid "`vector.iter()`, for immutable references to the elements"
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:116
|
||||
msgid "`iter()` and `rev_iter()`, for immutable references to the elements"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:117
|
||||
msgid "`vector.mut_iter()`, for mutable references to the elements"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:117
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:116
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`vector.rev_iter()`, for immutable references to the elements in reverse "
|
||||
"order"
|
||||
"`mut_iter()` and `mut_rev_iter()`, for mutable references to the elements"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:117
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:116
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`vector.mut_rev_iter()`, for mutable references to the elements in reverse "
|
||||
"order"
|
||||
"`consume_iter()` and `consume_rev_iter`, to move the elements out by-value"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:119
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A typical mutable container will implement at least `iter()`, `mut_iter()` "
|
||||
"and `consume_iter()` along with the reverse variants if it maintains an "
|
||||
"order."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:121
|
||||
msgid "### Freezing"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:123
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:125
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Unlike most other languages with external iterators, Rust has no *iterator "
|
||||
"invalidation*. As long an iterator is still in scope, the compiler will "
|
||||
@@ -283,7 +284,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:128
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:130
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:134
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:136
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" // the vector is frozen for this scope, the compiler will statically\n"
|
||||
@@ -304,19 +305,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:137
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:139
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"These semantics are due to most container iterators being implemented with "
|
||||
"`&` and `&mut`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:139
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:141
|
||||
msgid "## Iterator adaptors"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:143
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:145
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `IteratorUtil` trait implements common algorithms as methods extending "
|
||||
"every `Iterator` implementation. For example, the `fold` method will "
|
||||
@@ -324,28 +325,28 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:149
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:151
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ let xs = [1, 9, 2, 3, 14, 12]; let result = xs.iter().fold(0, |"
|
||||
"accumulator, item| accumulator - *item); assert_eq!(result, -41); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:151
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:153
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Some adaptors return an adaptor object implementing the `Iterator` trait "
|
||||
"itself:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:158
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:160
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ let xs = [1, 9, 2, 3, 14, 12]; let ys = [5, 2, 1, 8]; let sum = xs."
|
||||
"iter().chain_(ys.iter()).fold(0, |a, b| a + *b); assert_eq!(sum, 57); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:162
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:164
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Note that some adaptors like the `chain_` method above use a trailing "
|
||||
"underscore to work around an issue with method resolve. The underscores will "
|
||||
@@ -353,17 +354,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:164
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:166
|
||||
msgid "## For loops"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:168
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `for` loop syntax is currently in transition, and will switch from the "
|
||||
"old closure-based iteration protocol to iterator objects. For now, the "
|
||||
"`advance` adaptor is required as a compatibility shim to use iterators with "
|
||||
"for loops."
|
||||
"The `for` keyword can be used as sugar for iterating through any iterator:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -419,7 +417,7 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// print out the pairs of elements up to (&3, &\"baz\")\n"
|
||||
"for (x, y) in it {\n"
|
||||
" println(fmt!(\"%d %s\", *x, *y));\n"
|
||||
" printfln!(\"%d %s\", *x, *y);\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -435,8 +433,8 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:204
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// yield and print the last pair from the iterator println(fmt!(\"last: %?"
|
||||
"\", it.next()));"
|
||||
"// yield and print the last pair from the iterator printfln!(\"last: %?\", "
|
||||
"it.next());"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -577,9 +575,9 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:300
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ let xs = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]; let mut it = xs.iter(); println(fmt!(\"%?"
|
||||
"\", it.next())); // prints `Some(&1)` println(fmt!(\"%?\", it.next())); // "
|
||||
"prints `Some(&2)` println(fmt!(\"%?\", it.next_back())); // prints `Some(&6)`"
|
||||
"~~~ let xs = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]; let mut it = xs.iter(); printfln!(\"%?\", "
|
||||
"it.next()); // prints `Some(&1)` printfln!(\"%?\", it.next()); // prints "
|
||||
"`Some(&2)` printfln!(\"%?\", it.next_back()); // prints `Some(&6)`"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -588,14 +586,88 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// prints `5`, `4` and `3`\n"
|
||||
"for &x in it.invert() {\n"
|
||||
" println(fmt!(\"%?\", x))\n"
|
||||
" printfln!(\"%?\", x)\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:308
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:309
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `rev_iter` and `mut_rev_iter` methods on vectors just return an inverted "
|
||||
"version of the standard immutable and mutable vector iterators."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:312
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `chain_`, `transform`, `filter`, `filter_map` and `peek` adaptors are "
|
||||
"`DoubleEndedIterator` implementations if the underlying iterators are."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:317
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ let xs = [1, 2, 3, 4]; let ys = [5, 6, 7, 8]; let mut it = xs.iter()."
|
||||
"chain_(ys.iter()).transform(|&x| x * 2);"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:319
|
||||
msgid "printfln!(\"%?\", it.next()); // prints `Some(2)`"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:325
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// prints `16`, `14`, `12`, `10`, `8`, `6`, `4`\n"
|
||||
"for x in it.invert() {\n"
|
||||
" printfln!(\"%?\", x);\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:327
|
||||
msgid "## Random-access iterators"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:331
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `RandomAccessIterator` trait represents an iterator offering random "
|
||||
"access to the whole range. The `indexable` method retrieves the number of "
|
||||
"elements accessible with the `idx` method."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:334
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `chain_` adaptor is an implementation of `RandomAccessIterator` if the "
|
||||
"underlying iterators are."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:343
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ let xs = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; let ys = ~[7, 9, 11]; let mut it = xs.iter()."
|
||||
"chain_(ys.iter()); printfln!(\"%?\", it.idx(0)); // prints `Some(&1)` "
|
||||
"printfln!(\"%?\", it.idx(5)); // prints `Some(&7)` printfln!(\"%?\", it."
|
||||
"idx(7)); // prints `Some(&11)` printfln!(\"%?\", it.idx(8)); // prints `None`"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:348
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// yield two elements from the beginning, and one from the end it.next(); it."
|
||||
"next(); it.next_back();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-container.md:352
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"printfln!(\"%?\", it.idx(0)); // prints `Some(&3)` printfln!(\"%?\", it."
|
||||
"idx(4)); // prints `Some(&9)` printfln!(\"%?\", it.idx(6)); // prints `None` "
|
||||
"~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
+87
-11
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:18+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-08-10 07:44+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
|
||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
||||
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ msgid "# Introduction"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:876 doc/tutorial-ffi.md:143
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:868 doc/tutorial-ffi.md:143
|
||||
msgid "# Destructors"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -446,11 +446,87 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:232
|
||||
msgid "# Accessing foreign globals"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:236
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Foreign APIs often export a global variable which could do something like "
|
||||
"track global state. In order to access these variables, you declare them in "
|
||||
"`extern` blocks with the `static` keyword:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:239
|
||||
msgid "~~~{.xfail-test} use std::libc;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:244
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"#[link_args = \"-lreadline\"]\n"
|
||||
"extern {\n"
|
||||
" static rl_readline_version: libc::c_int;\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:250
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
" println(fmt!(\"You have readline version %d installed.\",\n"
|
||||
" rl_readline_version as int));\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:254
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Alternatively, you may need to alter global state provided by a foreign "
|
||||
"interface. To do this, statics can be declared with `mut` so rust can mutate "
|
||||
"them."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:258
|
||||
msgid "~~~{.xfail-test} use std::libc; use std::ptr;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:263
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"#[link_args = \"-lreadline\"]\n"
|
||||
"extern {\n"
|
||||
" static mut rl_prompt: *libc::c_char;\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:272
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
" do \"[my-awesome-shell] $\".as_c_str |buf| {\n"
|
||||
" unsafe { rl_prompt = buf; }\n"
|
||||
" // get a line, process it\n"
|
||||
" unsafe { rl_prompt = ptr::null(); }\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:274
|
||||
msgid "# Foreign calling conventions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:237
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:279
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Most foreign code exposes a C ABI, and Rust uses the platform's C calling "
|
||||
"convention by default when calling foreign functions. Some foreign "
|
||||
@@ -460,7 +536,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:246
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:288
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -474,7 +550,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:250
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:292
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `abi` attribute applies to a foreign module (it cannot be applied to a "
|
||||
"single function within a module), and must be either `\"cdecl\"` or `"
|
||||
@@ -482,12 +558,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:252
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:294
|
||||
msgid "# Interoperability with foreign code"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:256
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:298
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust guarantees that the layout of a `struct` is compatible with the "
|
||||
"platform's representation in C. A `#[packed]` attribute is available, which "
|
||||
@@ -496,7 +572,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:263
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:305
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust's owned and managed boxes use non-nullable pointers as handles which "
|
||||
"point to the contained object. However, they should not be manually created "
|
||||
@@ -508,7 +584,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:268
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:310
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Vectors and strings share the same basic memory layout, and utilities are "
|
||||
"available in the `vec` and `str` modules for working with C APIs. Strings "
|
||||
@@ -518,7 +594,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:270
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-ffi.md:312
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The standard library includes type aliases and function definitions for the "
|
||||
"C standard library in the `libc` module, and Rust links against `libc` and "
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:18+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-22 23:37+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
|
||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
||||
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ msgid "# Introduction"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2033 doc/rust.md:2174 doc/tutorial-macros.md:323
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:2136 doc/rust.md:2223 doc/tutorial-macros.md:323
|
||||
msgid "~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
+124
-124
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:18+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-08-08 22:27+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
|
||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
||||
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ msgid "# Introduction"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1849 doc/tutorial-tasks.md:649
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1952 doc/tutorial-tasks.md:648
|
||||
msgid "# } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -249,15 +249,15 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:124
|
||||
msgid "~~~ # use std::io::print; # use std::task::spawn; # use std::int;"
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:123
|
||||
msgid "~~~ # use std::io::print; # use std::task::spawn;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:131
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:130
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"for int::range(0, 20) |child_task_number| {\n"
|
||||
"for child_task_number in range(0, 20) {\n"
|
||||
" do spawn {\n"
|
||||
" print(fmt!(\"I am child number %d\\n\", child_task_number));\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
@@ -266,12 +266,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:133
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:132
|
||||
msgid "## Communication"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:138
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:137
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Now that we have spawned a new task, it would be nice if we could "
|
||||
"communicate with it. Recall that Rust does not have shared mutable state, so "
|
||||
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:143
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:142
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A pipe is simply a pair of endpoints: one for sending messages and another "
|
||||
"for receiving messages. Pipes are low-level communication building-blocks "
|
||||
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:149
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:148
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The simplest way to create a pipe is to use the `pipes::stream` function to "
|
||||
"create a `(Port, Chan)` pair. In Rust parlance, a *channel* is a sending "
|
||||
@@ -298,17 +298,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:153
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:152
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # use std::task::spawn; # use std::comm::{stream, Port, Chan};"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:155
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:154
|
||||
msgid "let (port, chan): (Port<int>, Chan<int>) = stream();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:160
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:159
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"do spawn || {\n"
|
||||
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:166
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:165
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"some_other_expensive_computation(); let result = port.recv(); # fn "
|
||||
"some_expensive_computation() -> int { 42 } # fn "
|
||||
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:171
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:170
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Let's examine this example in detail. First, the `let` statement creates a "
|
||||
"stream for sending and receiving integers (the left-hand side of the `let`, "
|
||||
@@ -335,14 +335,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:176
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:175
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # use std::comm::{stream, Chan, Port}; let (port, chan): (Port<int>, "
|
||||
"Chan<int>) = stream(); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:180
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:179
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The child task will use the channel to send data to the parent task, which "
|
||||
"will wait to receive the data on the port. The next statement spawns the "
|
||||
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:191
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:190
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:197
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:196
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Notice that the creation of the task closure transfers `chan` to the child "
|
||||
"task implicitly: the closure captures `chan` in its environment. Both `Chan` "
|
||||
@@ -376,14 +376,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:201
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:200
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Finally, the parent continues with some other expensive computation, then "
|
||||
"waits for the child's result to arrive on the port:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:210
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:209
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # use std::comm::{stream}; # fn some_other_expensive_computation() {} # "
|
||||
"let (port, chan) = stream::<int>(); # chan.send(0); "
|
||||
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:216
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:215
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `Port` and `Chan` pair created by `stream` enables efficient "
|
||||
"communication between a single sender and a single receiver, but multiple "
|
||||
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:222
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:221
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ {.xfail-test} # use std::task::{spawn}; # use std::comm::{stream, Port, "
|
||||
"Chan}; # fn some_expensive_computation() -> int { 42 } let (port, chan) = "
|
||||
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:226
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:225
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"do spawn {\n"
|
||||
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:233
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:232
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// ERROR! The previous spawn statement already owns the channel,\n"
|
||||
@@ -430,29 +430,27 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:236
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:235
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Instead we can use a `SharedChan`, a type that allows a single `Chan` to be "
|
||||
"shared by multiple senders."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:241
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # use std::task::spawn; # use std::comm::{stream, SharedChan}; # use "
|
||||
"std::uint;"
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:239
|
||||
msgid "~~~ # use std::task::spawn; # use std::comm::{stream, SharedChan};"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:244
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:242
|
||||
msgid "let (port, chan) = stream(); let chan = SharedChan::new(chan);"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:252
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:250
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"for uint::range(0, 3) |init_val| {\n"
|
||||
"for init_val in range(0u, 3) {\n"
|
||||
" // Create a new channel handle to distribute to the child task\n"
|
||||
" let child_chan = chan.clone();\n"
|
||||
" do spawn {\n"
|
||||
@@ -462,14 +460,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:256
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:254
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let result = port.recv() + port.recv() + port.recv(); # fn "
|
||||
"some_expensive_computation(_i: uint) -> int { 42 } ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:265
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:263
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Here we transfer ownership of the channel into a new `SharedChan` value. "
|
||||
"Like `Chan`, `SharedChan` is a non-copyable, owned type (sometimes also "
|
||||
@@ -482,7 +480,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:270
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:268
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Note that the above `SharedChan` example is somewhat contrived since you "
|
||||
"could also simply use three `stream` pairs, but it serves to illustrate the "
|
||||
@@ -491,12 +489,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:275
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:273
|
||||
msgid "~~~ # use std::task::spawn; # use std::comm::stream; # use std::vec;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:284
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:282
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Create a vector of ports, one for each child task\n"
|
||||
@@ -510,7 +508,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:289
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:287
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Wait on each port, accumulating the results let result = ports.iter()."
|
||||
"fold(0, |accum, port| accum + port.recv() ); # fn "
|
||||
@@ -518,14 +516,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:293
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:291
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"## Backgrounding computations: Futures With `extra::future`, rust has a "
|
||||
"mechanism for requesting a computation and getting the result later."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:301
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:299
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The basic example below illustrates this.\n"
|
||||
@@ -538,14 +536,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:306
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:304
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let mut delayed_fib = extra::future::spawn (|| fib(50) ); make_a_sandwich(); "
|
||||
"println(fmt!(\"fib(50) = %?\", delayed_fib.get())) ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:312
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:310
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The call to `future::spawn` returns immediately a `future` object regardless "
|
||||
"of how long it takes to run `fib(50)`. You can then make yourself a sandwich "
|
||||
@@ -557,17 +555,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:325
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:322
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Here is another example showing how futures allow you to background computations. The workload will\n"
|
||||
"be distributed on the available cores.\n"
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::vec;\n"
|
||||
"# use std::uint;\n"
|
||||
"fn partial_sum(start: uint) -> f64 {\n"
|
||||
" let mut local_sum = 0f64;\n"
|
||||
" for uint::range(start*100000, (start+1)*100000) |num| {\n"
|
||||
" for num in range(start*100000, (start+1)*100000) {\n"
|
||||
" local_sum += (num as f64 + 1.0).pow(&-2.0);\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
" local_sum\n"
|
||||
@@ -575,7 +572,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:328
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:325
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -583,25 +580,25 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:336
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:333
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" let mut final_res = 0f64;\n"
|
||||
" for ft in futures.mut_iter() {\n"
|
||||
" final_res += ft.get();\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
" println(fmt!(\"^2/6 is not far from : %?\", final_res));\n"
|
||||
" println(fmt!(\"π^2/6 is not far from : %?\", final_res));\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:338
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:335
|
||||
msgid "## Sharing immutable data without copy: Arc"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:343
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:340
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To share immutable data between tasks, a first approach would be to only use "
|
||||
"pipes as we have seen previously. A copy of the data to share would then be "
|
||||
@@ -610,7 +607,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:347
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:344
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To tackle this issue, one can use an Atomically Reference Counted wrapper "
|
||||
"(`Arc`) as implemented in the `extra` library of Rust. With an Arc, the data "
|
||||
@@ -619,16 +616,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:355
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:351
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Here is a small example showing how to use Arcs. We wish to run concurrently "
|
||||
"several computations on a single large vector of floats. Each task needs the "
|
||||
"full vector to perform its duty. ~~~ # use std::vec; # use std::uint; # use "
|
||||
"std::rand; use extra::arc::Arc;"
|
||||
"full vector to perform its duty. ~~~ # use std::vec; # use std::rand; use "
|
||||
"extra::arc::Arc;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:359
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:355
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn pnorm(nums: &~[float], p: uint) -> float {\n"
|
||||
@@ -637,7 +634,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:363
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:359
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -646,22 +643,22 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:365
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:361
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid " let numbers_arc = Arc::new(numbers);\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:369
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:365
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" for uint::range(1,10) |num| {\n"
|
||||
" for num in range(1u, 10) {\n"
|
||||
" let (port, chan) = stream();\n"
|
||||
" chan.send(numbers_arc.clone());\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:378
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:374
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" do spawn {\n"
|
||||
@@ -675,45 +672,45 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:400
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:396
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The function `pnorm` performs a simple computation on the vector (it "
|
||||
"computes the sum of its items at the power given as argument and takes the "
|
||||
"inverse power of this value). The Arc on the vector is created by the line "
|
||||
"~~~ # use extra::arc::Arc; # use std::vec; # use std::rand; # let numbers = "
|
||||
"vec::from_fn(1000000, |_| rand::random::<float>()); let "
|
||||
"numbers_arc=Arc::new(numbers); ~~~ and a clone of it is sent to each task ~~~ # "
|
||||
"use extra::arc::Arc; # use std::vec; # use std::rand; # let numbers=vec::"
|
||||
"from_fn(1000000, |_| rand::random::<float>()); # let numbers_arc = "
|
||||
"Arc::new(numbers); # let (port, chan) = stream(); chan.send(numbers_arc."
|
||||
"vec::from_fn(1000000, |_| rand::random::<float>()); let numbers_arc=Arc::"
|
||||
"new(numbers); ~~~ and a clone of it is sent to each task ~~~ # use extra::"
|
||||
"arc::Arc; # use std::vec; # use std::rand; # let numbers=vec::"
|
||||
"from_fn(1000000, |_| rand::random::<float>()); # let numbers_arc = Arc::"
|
||||
"new(numbers); # let (port, chan) = stream(); chan.send(numbers_arc."
|
||||
"clone()); ~~~ copying only the wrapper and not its contents."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:414
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:410
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Each task recovers the underlying data by ~~~ # use extra::arc::Arc; # use "
|
||||
"std::vec; # use std::rand; # let numbers=vec::from_fn(1000000, |_| rand::"
|
||||
"random::<float>()); # let numbers_arc=Arc::new(numbers); # let (port, chan) = "
|
||||
"stream(); # chan.send(numbers_arc.clone()); # let local_arc : Arc<~[float]> "
|
||||
"= port.recv(); let task_numbers = local_arc.get(); ~~~ and can use it as if "
|
||||
"it were local."
|
||||
"random::<float>()); # let numbers_arc=Arc::new(numbers); # let (port, chan) "
|
||||
"= stream(); # chan.send(numbers_arc.clone()); # let local_arc : "
|
||||
"Arc<~[float]> = port.recv(); let task_numbers = local_arc.get(); ~~~ and can "
|
||||
"use it as if it were local."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:416
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:412
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `arc` module also implements Arcs around mutable data that are not "
|
||||
"covered here."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:418
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:414
|
||||
msgid "# Handling task failure"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:427
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:423
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust has a built-in mechanism for raising exceptions. The `fail!()` macro "
|
||||
"(which can also be written with an error string as an argument: `fail!"
|
||||
@@ -726,29 +723,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:430
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:426
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"All tasks are, by default, _linked_ to each other. That means that the fates "
|
||||
"of all tasks are intertwined: if one fails, so do all the others."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:438
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:434
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # use std::task::spawn; # use std::task; # fn do_some_work() { loop "
|
||||
"{ task::yield() } } # do task::try { // Create a child task that fails do "
|
||||
"spawn { fail!() }"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure} # use std::task::spawn; # use std::task; # "
|
||||
"fn do_some_work() { loop { task::yield() } } # do task::try { // Create a "
|
||||
"child task that fails do spawn { fail!() }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:443
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:439
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// This will also fail because the task we spawned failed do_some_work(); "
|
||||
"# }; ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:453
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:449
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"While it isn't possible for a task to recover from failure, tasks may notify "
|
||||
"each other of failure. The simplest way of handling task failure is with the "
|
||||
@@ -762,10 +759,10 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:463
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure}\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task;\n"
|
||||
"# fn some_condition() -> bool { false }\n"
|
||||
"# fn calculate_result() -> int { 0 }\n"
|
||||
@@ -781,7 +778,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:473
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:469
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Unlike `spawn`, the function spawned using `try` may return a value, which "
|
||||
"`try` will dutifully propagate back to the caller in a [`Result`] enum. If "
|
||||
@@ -790,12 +787,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:475
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:471
|
||||
msgid "[`Result`]: std/result.html"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:480
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:476
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> ***Note:*** A failed task does not currently produce a useful error > "
|
||||
"value (`try` always returns `Err(())`). In the > future, it may be possible "
|
||||
@@ -803,14 +800,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:483
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:479
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"TODO: Need discussion of `future_result` in order to make failure modes "
|
||||
"useful."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:491
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:487
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"But not all failures are created equal. In some cases you might need to "
|
||||
"abort the entire program (perhaps you're writing an assert which, if it "
|
||||
@@ -822,24 +819,25 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:493
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:489
|
||||
msgid "## Failure modes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:496
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:492
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"By default, task failure is _bidirectionally linked_, which means that if "
|
||||
"either task fails, it kills the other one."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:510
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:507
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure}\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task;\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_forever() { loop { task::yield() } }\n"
|
||||
"# use std::comm::oneshot;\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_forever() { loop { let (p, c) = oneshot::<()>(); p.recv(); } }\n"
|
||||
"# do task::try {\n"
|
||||
"do spawn {\n"
|
||||
" do spawn {\n"
|
||||
@@ -853,7 +851,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:517
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:514
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"If you want parent tasks to be able to kill their children, but do not want "
|
||||
"a parent to fail automatically if one of its child task fails, you can call "
|
||||
@@ -864,14 +862,15 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:538
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:536
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure}\n"
|
||||
"# use std::comm::{stream, Chan, Port};\n"
|
||||
"# use std::comm::oneshot;\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task::{spawn, try};\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task;\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_forever() { loop { task::yield() } }\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_forever() { loop { let (p, c) = oneshot::<()>(); p.recv(); } }\n"
|
||||
"# do task::try {\n"
|
||||
"let (receiver, sender): (Port<int>, Chan<int>) = stream();\n"
|
||||
"do spawn { // Bidirectionally linked\n"
|
||||
@@ -890,7 +889,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:544
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:542
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Supervised failure is useful in any situation where one task manages "
|
||||
"multiple fallible child tasks, and the parent task can recover if any child "
|
||||
@@ -899,20 +898,21 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:547
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:545
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Supervised task failure propagates across multiple generations even if an "
|
||||
"intermediate generation has already exited:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:563
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:562
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure}\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task;\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_forever() { loop { task::yield() } }\n"
|
||||
"# fn wait_for_a_while() { for 1000.times { task::yield() } }\n"
|
||||
"# use std::comm::oneshot;\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_forever() { loop { let (p, c) = oneshot::<()>(); p.recv(); } }\n"
|
||||
"# fn wait_for_a_while() { for _ in range(0, 1000u) { task::yield() } }\n"
|
||||
"# do task::try::<int> {\n"
|
||||
"do task::spawn_supervised {\n"
|
||||
" do task::spawn_supervised {\n"
|
||||
@@ -927,20 +927,20 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:566
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:565
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Finally, tasks can be configured to not propagate failure to each other at "
|
||||
"all, using `task::spawn_unlinked` for _isolated failure_."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:582
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:581
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure}\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task;\n"
|
||||
"# fn random() -> uint { 100 }\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_for(i: uint) { for i.times { task::yield() } }\n"
|
||||
"# fn sleep_for(i: uint) { for _ in range(0, i) { task::yield() } }\n"
|
||||
"# do task::try::<()> {\n"
|
||||
"let (time1, time2) = (random(), random());\n"
|
||||
"do task::spawn_unlinked {\n"
|
||||
@@ -955,12 +955,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:584
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:583
|
||||
msgid "## Creating a task with a bi-directional communication path"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:589
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:588
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A very common thing to do is to spawn a child task where the parent and "
|
||||
"child both need to exchange messages with each other. The function `extra::"
|
||||
@@ -969,7 +969,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:594
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:593
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To see how `DuplexStream()` works, we will create a child task that "
|
||||
"repeatedly receives a `uint` message, converts it to a string, and sends the "
|
||||
@@ -978,10 +978,10 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:607
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:606
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure}\n"
|
||||
"# use extra::comm::DuplexStream;\n"
|
||||
"# use std::uint;\n"
|
||||
"fn stringifier(channel: &DuplexStream<~str, uint>) {\n"
|
||||
@@ -996,7 +996,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:615
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:614
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The implementation of `DuplexStream` supports both sending and receiving. "
|
||||
"The `stringifier` function takes a `DuplexStream` that can send strings (the "
|
||||
@@ -1007,15 +1007,15 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:617
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:616
|
||||
msgid "Here is the code for the parent task:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:631
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:630
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"~~~{.xfail-test .linked-failure}\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task::spawn;\n"
|
||||
"# use std::uint;\n"
|
||||
"# use extra::comm::DuplexStream;\n"
|
||||
@@ -1031,12 +1031,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:633
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:632
|
||||
msgid "let (from_child, to_child) = DuplexStream();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:637
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:636
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"do spawn {\n"
|
||||
@@ -1045,23 +1045,23 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:640
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:639
|
||||
msgid "from_child.send(22); assert!(from_child.recv() == ~\"22\");"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:642
|
||||
msgid "from_child.send(23); from_child.send(0);"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:646
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:645
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"assert!(from_child.recv() == ~\"23\"); assert!(from_child.recv() == ~\"0\");"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:653
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial-tasks.md:652
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The parent task first calls `DuplexStream` to create a pair of bidirectional "
|
||||
"endpoints. It then uses `task::spawn` to create the child task, which "
|
||||
|
||||
+559
-594
@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
"Project-Id-Version: Rust 0.8-pre\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-07-17 07:18+0900\n"
|
||||
"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-08-12 02:06+0900\n"
|
||||
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
|
||||
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
|
||||
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
|
||||
"Language: \n"
|
||||
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
|
||||
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
||||
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ msgid "# Introduction"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1231 doc/tutorial.md:2177
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1277 doc/tutorial.md:2176
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In type-parameterized functions, methods of the supertrait may be called on "
|
||||
"values of subtrait-bound type parameters. Refering to the previous example "
|
||||
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1240 doc/tutorial.md:2186
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1286 doc/tutorial.md:2185
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1242 doc/tutorial.md:2188
|
||||
#: doc/rust.md:1288 doc/tutorial.md:2187
|
||||
msgid "Likewise, supertrait methods may also be called on trait objects."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ msgstr ""
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:88
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[bug-3319]: https://github.com/mozilla/rust/issues/3319 [wiki-start]:"
|
||||
"\thttps://github.com/mozilla/rust/wiki/Note-getting-started-developing-Rust"
|
||||
"[bug-3319]: https://github.com/mozilla/rust/issues/3319 [wiki-start]: "
|
||||
"https://github.com/mozilla/rust/wiki/Note-getting-started-developing-Rust"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
@@ -296,27 +296,26 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:124
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:123
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[wiki-start]: https://github.com/mozilla/rust/wiki/Note-getting-started-"
|
||||
"developing-Rust [tarball]: http://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rust-0.7.tar.gz "
|
||||
"[win-exe]: http://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rust-0.7-install.exe"
|
||||
"[tarball]: http://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rust-0.7.tar.gz [win-exe]: "
|
||||
"http://static.rust-lang.org/dist/rust-0.7-install.exe"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:126
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:125
|
||||
msgid "## Compiling your first program"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:129
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:128
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust program files are, by convention, given the extension `.rs`. Say we "
|
||||
"have a file `hello.rs` containing this program:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:135
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:134
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -327,7 +326,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:139
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:138
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"If the Rust compiler was installed successfully, running `rustc hello.rs` "
|
||||
"will produce an executable called `hello` (or `hello.exe` on Windows) which, "
|
||||
@@ -335,7 +334,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:144
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:143
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust compiler tries to provide useful information when it encounters an "
|
||||
"error. If you introduce an error into the program (for example, by changing "
|
||||
@@ -344,7 +343,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:150
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:149
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.notrust}\n"
|
||||
@@ -355,7 +354,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:157
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:156
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In its simplest form, a Rust program is a `.rs` file with some types and "
|
||||
"functions defined in it. If it has a `main` function, it can be compiled to "
|
||||
@@ -366,12 +365,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:159
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:158
|
||||
msgid "## Using the rust tool"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:164
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:163
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"While using `rustc` directly to generate your executables, and then running "
|
||||
"them manually is a perfectly valid way to test your code, for smaller "
|
||||
@@ -380,7 +379,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:170
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:169
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `rust` tool provides central access to the other rust tools, as well as "
|
||||
"handy shortcuts for directly running source files. For example, if you have "
|
||||
@@ -389,19 +388,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:173
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:172
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To get a list of all available commands, simply call `rust` without any "
|
||||
"argument."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:175
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:174
|
||||
msgid "## Editing Rust code"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:185
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:184
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"There are vim highlighting and indentation scripts in the Rust source "
|
||||
"distribution under `src/etc/vim/`. There is an emacs mode under `src/etc/"
|
||||
@@ -414,7 +413,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:189
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:188
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"There is ctags support via `src/etc/ctags.rust`, but many other tools and "
|
||||
"editors are not yet supported. If you end up writing a Rust mode for your "
|
||||
@@ -422,19 +421,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:192
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:191
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[sublime]: http://github.com/dbp/sublime-rust [sublime-pkg]: http://wbond."
|
||||
"net/sublime_packages/package_control"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:194
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:193
|
||||
msgid "# Syntax basics"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:202
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:201
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Assuming you've programmed in any C-family language (C++, Java, JavaScript, "
|
||||
"C#, or PHP), Rust will feel familiar. Code is arranged in blocks delineated "
|
||||
@@ -446,7 +445,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:207
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:206
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The main surface difference to be aware of is that the condition at the head "
|
||||
"of control structures like `if` and `while` does not require parentheses, "
|
||||
@@ -455,7 +454,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:220
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:219
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -473,7 +472,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:224
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:223
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `let` keyword introduces a local variable. Variables are immutable by "
|
||||
"default. To introduce a local variable that you can re-assign later, use "
|
||||
@@ -481,12 +480,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:228
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:227
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let hi = \"hi\"; let mut count = 0;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:234
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:233
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"while count < 10 {\n"
|
||||
@@ -497,7 +496,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:238
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:237
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Although Rust can almost always infer the types of local variables, you can "
|
||||
"specify a variable's type by following it with a colon, then the type name. "
|
||||
@@ -505,14 +504,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:244
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:243
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ static MONSTER_FACTOR: float = 57.8; let monster_size = MONSTER_FACTOR "
|
||||
"* 10.0; let monster_size: int = 50; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:253
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:252
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Local variables may shadow earlier declarations, as in the previous example: "
|
||||
"`monster_size` was first declared as a `float`, and then a second "
|
||||
@@ -525,7 +524,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:259
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:258
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust identifiers start with an alphabetic character or an underscore, and "
|
||||
"after that may contain any sequence of alphabetic characters, numbers, or "
|
||||
@@ -535,7 +534,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:264
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:263
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -545,12 +544,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:266
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:265
|
||||
msgid "## Expressions and semicolons"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:272
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:271
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Though it isn't apparent in all code, there is a fundamental difference "
|
||||
"between Rust's syntax and predecessors like C. Many constructs that are "
|
||||
@@ -559,7 +558,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:284
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:283
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -576,12 +575,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:286
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:285
|
||||
msgid "But, in Rust, you don't have to repeat the name `price`:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:298
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:297
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -598,7 +597,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:304
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:303
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Both pieces of code are exactly equivalent: they assign a value to `price` "
|
||||
"depending on the condition that holds. Note that there are no semicolons in "
|
||||
@@ -608,7 +607,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:310
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:309
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Put another way, the semicolon in Rust *ignores the value of an "
|
||||
"expression*. Thus, if the branches of the `if` had looked like `{ 4; }`, "
|
||||
@@ -618,16 +617,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:315
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:314
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In short, everything that's not a declaration (declarations are `let` for "
|
||||
"variables; `fn` for functions; and any top-level named items such as [traits]"
|
||||
"(#traits), [enum types](#enums), and [constants](#constants)) is an "
|
||||
"expression, including function bodies."
|
||||
"(#traits), [enum types](#enums), and static items) is an expression, "
|
||||
"including function bodies."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:323
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:322
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -640,12 +639,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:325
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:324
|
||||
msgid "## Primitive types and literals"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:332
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:331
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"There are general signed and unsigned integer types, `int` and `uint`, as "
|
||||
"well as 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-bit variants, `i8`, `u16`, etc. Integers can "
|
||||
@@ -656,7 +655,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:338
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:337
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In the absence of an integer literal suffix, Rust will infer the integer "
|
||||
"type based on type annotations and function signatures in the surrounding "
|
||||
@@ -665,7 +664,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:345
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:344
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -677,7 +676,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:350
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:349
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"There are three floating-point types: `float`, `f32`, and `f64`. Floating-"
|
||||
"point numbers are written `0.0`, `1e6`, or `2.1e-4`. Like integers, "
|
||||
@@ -686,12 +685,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:352
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:351
|
||||
msgid "The keywords `true` and `false` produce literals of type `bool`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:359
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:358
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Characters, the `char` type, are four-byte Unicode codepoints, whose "
|
||||
"literals are written between single quotes, as in `'x'`. Just like C, Rust "
|
||||
@@ -702,17 +701,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:361
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:360
|
||||
msgid "The nil type, written `()`, has a single value, also written `()`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:363
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:362
|
||||
msgid "## Operators"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:368
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:367
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust's set of operators contains very few surprises. Arithmetic is done with "
|
||||
"`*`, `/`, `%`, `+`, and `-` (multiply, quotient, remainder, add, and "
|
||||
@@ -721,14 +720,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:371
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:370
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Note that, if applied to an integer value, `!` flips all the bits (like `~` "
|
||||
"in C)."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:375
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:374
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The comparison operators are the traditional `==`, `!=`, `<`, `>`, `<=`, and "
|
||||
"`>=`. Short-circuiting (lazy) boolean operators are written `&&` (and) and "
|
||||
@@ -736,7 +735,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:380
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:379
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"For type casting, Rust uses the binary `as` operator. It takes an "
|
||||
"expression on the left side and a type on the right side and will, if a "
|
||||
@@ -745,18 +744,18 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:386
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:385
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ let x: float = 4.0; let y: uint = x as uint; assert!(y == 4u); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:388
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:387
|
||||
msgid "## Syntax extensions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:395
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:394
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"*Syntax extensions* are special forms that are not built into the language,\n"
|
||||
@@ -768,7 +767,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:399
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:398
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`fmt!` supports most of the directives that [printf][pf] supports, but "
|
||||
"unlike printf, will give you a compile-time error when the types of the "
|
||||
@@ -776,51 +775,46 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:402
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:401
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # let mystery_object = ();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:404
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:403
|
||||
msgid "println(fmt!(\"%s is %d\", \"the answer\", 43));"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:408
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:407
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// %? will conveniently print any type println(fmt!(\"what is this thing: %?"
|
||||
"\", mystery_object)); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:410
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:409
|
||||
msgid "[pf]: http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/io/c/fprintf"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:412
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:411
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"You can define your own syntax extensions with the macro system. For "
|
||||
"details, see the [macro tutorial][macros]."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:414
|
||||
msgid "[macros]: tutorial-macros.html"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:416
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:413
|
||||
msgid "# Control structures"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:418
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:415
|
||||
msgid "## Conditionals"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:422
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:419
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"We've seen `if` expressions a few times already. To recap, braces are "
|
||||
"compulsory, an `if` can have an optional `else` clause, and multiple `if`/"
|
||||
@@ -828,7 +822,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:432
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:429
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -843,7 +837,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:437
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:434
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The condition given to an `if` construct *must* be of type `bool` (no "
|
||||
"implicit conversion happens). If the arms are blocks that have a value, this "
|
||||
@@ -852,7 +846,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:445
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:442
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -865,12 +859,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:447
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:444
|
||||
msgid "## Pattern matching"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:453
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:450
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust's `match` construct is a generalized, cleaned-up version of C's "
|
||||
"`switch` construct. You provide it with a value and a number of *arms*, each "
|
||||
@@ -880,7 +874,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:463
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:460
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -895,7 +889,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:467
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:464
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Unlike in C, there is no \"falling through\" between arms: only one arm "
|
||||
"executes, and it doesn't have to explicitly `break` out of the construct "
|
||||
@@ -903,7 +897,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:477
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:474
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A `match` arm consists of a *pattern*, then an arrow `=>`, followed by an "
|
||||
"*action* (expression). Literals are valid patterns and match only their own "
|
||||
@@ -916,7 +910,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:482
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:479
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The patterns in a match arm are followed by a fat arrow, `=>`, then an "
|
||||
"expression to evaluate. Each case is separated by commas. It's often "
|
||||
@@ -925,7 +919,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:490
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:487
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -938,7 +932,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:495
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:492
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`match` constructs must be *exhaustive*: they must have an arm covering "
|
||||
"every possible case. For example, the typechecker would reject the previous "
|
||||
@@ -946,14 +940,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:499
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:496
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A powerful application of pattern matching is *destructuring*: matching in "
|
||||
"order to bind names to the contents of data types."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:503
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:500
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> ***Note:*** The following code makes use of tuples (`(float, float)`) "
|
||||
"which > are explained in section 5.3. For now you can think of tuples as a "
|
||||
@@ -961,12 +955,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:516
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:513
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::float;\n"
|
||||
"# use std::num::atan;\n"
|
||||
"use std::float;\n"
|
||||
"use std::num::atan;\n"
|
||||
"fn angle(vector: (float, float)) -> float {\n"
|
||||
" let pi = float::consts::pi;\n"
|
||||
" match vector {\n"
|
||||
@@ -979,7 +973,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:522
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:519
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A variable name in a pattern matches any value, *and* binds that name to the "
|
||||
"value of the matched value inside of the arm's action. Thus, `(0f, y)` "
|
||||
@@ -989,7 +983,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:529
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:526
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Any `match` arm can have a guard clause (written `if EXPR`), called a "
|
||||
"*pattern guard*, which is an expression of type `bool` that determines, "
|
||||
@@ -999,7 +993,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:534
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:531
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"You've already seen simple `let` bindings, but `let` is a little fancier "
|
||||
"than you've been led to believe. It, too, supports destructuring patterns. "
|
||||
@@ -1008,14 +1002,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:539
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:536
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # fn get_tuple_of_two_ints() -> (int, int) { (1, 1) } let (a, b) = "
|
||||
"get_tuple_of_two_ints(); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:543
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:540
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Let bindings only work with _irrefutable_ patterns: that is, patterns that "
|
||||
"can never fail to match. This excludes `let` from matching literals and most "
|
||||
@@ -1023,12 +1017,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:545
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:542
|
||||
msgid "## Loops"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:550
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:547
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`while` denotes a loop that iterates as long as its given condition (which "
|
||||
"must have type `bool`) evaluates to `true`. Inside a loop, the keyword "
|
||||
@@ -1037,7 +1031,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:557
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:554
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1049,18 +1043,18 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:559
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:556
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`loop` denotes an infinite loop, and is the preferred way of writing `while "
|
||||
"true`:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:569
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:566
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::int;\n"
|
||||
"use std::int;\n"
|
||||
"let mut x = 5;\n"
|
||||
"loop {\n"
|
||||
" x += x - 3;\n"
|
||||
@@ -1071,33 +1065,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:572
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:569
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This code prints out a weird sequence of numbers and stops as soon as it "
|
||||
"finds one that can be divided by five."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:577
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust also has a `for` construct. It's different from C's `for` and it works "
|
||||
"best when iterating over collections. See the section on [closures]"
|
||||
"(#closures) to find out how to use `for` and higher-order functions for "
|
||||
"enumerating elements of a collection."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:579
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:571
|
||||
msgid "# Data structures"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:581
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:573
|
||||
msgid "## Structs"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:586
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:578
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust struct types must be declared before they are used using the `struct` "
|
||||
"syntax: `struct Name { field1: T1, field2: T2 [, ...] }`, where `T1`, "
|
||||
@@ -1106,7 +1091,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:590
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:582
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Structs are quite similar to C structs and are even laid out the same way in "
|
||||
"memory (so you can read from a Rust struct in C, and vice-versa). Use the "
|
||||
@@ -1114,7 +1099,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:597
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:589
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1126,7 +1111,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:601
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:593
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Inherited mutability means that any field of a struct may be mutable, if the "
|
||||
"struct is in a mutable slot (or a field of a struct in a mutable slot, and "
|
||||
@@ -1134,7 +1119,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:605
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:597
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"With a value (say, `mypoint`) of such a type in a mutable location, you can "
|
||||
"do `mypoint.y += 1.0`. But in an immutable location, such an assignment to a "
|
||||
@@ -1142,28 +1127,28 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:610
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:602
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test} # struct Point { x: float, y: float } let mut mypoint = "
|
||||
"Point { x: 1.0, y: 1.0 }; let origin = Point { x: 0.0, y: 0.0 };"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:614
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:606
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"mypoint.y += 1.0; // mypoint is mutable, and its fields as well origin.y += "
|
||||
"1.0; // ERROR: assigning to immutable field ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:617
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:609
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`match` patterns destructure structs. The basic syntax is `Name { fieldname: "
|
||||
"pattern, ... }`:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:626
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:618
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1177,7 +1162,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:633
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:625
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In general, the field names of a struct do not have to appear in the same "
|
||||
"order they appear in the type. When you are not interested in all the fields "
|
||||
@@ -1188,7 +1173,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:641
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:633
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1201,19 +1186,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:643
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:635
|
||||
msgid "## Enums"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:646
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:638
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Enums are datatypes that have several alternate representations. For "
|
||||
"example, consider the type shown earlier:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:654
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:646
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1226,7 +1211,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:660
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:652
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A value of this type is either a `Circle`, in which case it contains a "
|
||||
"`Point` struct and a float, or a `Rectangle`, in which case it contains two "
|
||||
@@ -1236,7 +1221,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:666
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:658
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The above declaration will define a type `Shape` that can refer to such "
|
||||
"shapes, and two functions, `Circle` and `Rectangle`, which can be used to "
|
||||
@@ -1245,14 +1230,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:669
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:661
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Enum variants need not have parameters. This `enum` declaration, for "
|
||||
"example, is equivalent to a C enum:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:678
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:670
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1266,14 +1251,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:681
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:673
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This declaration defines `North`, `East`, `South`, and `West` as constants, "
|
||||
"all of which have type `Direction`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:685
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:677
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When an enum is C-like (that is, when none of the variants have parameters), "
|
||||
"it is possible to explicitly set the discriminator values to a constant "
|
||||
@@ -1281,7 +1266,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:693
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:685
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1294,7 +1279,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:698
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:690
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"If an explicit discriminator is not specified for a variant, the value "
|
||||
"defaults to the value of the previous variant plus one. If the first variant "
|
||||
@@ -1303,14 +1288,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:701
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:693
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When an enum is C-like, you can apply the `as` cast operator to convert it "
|
||||
"to its discriminator value as an `int`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:705
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:697
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"For enum types with multiple variants, destructuring is the only way to get "
|
||||
"at their contents. All variant constructors can be used as patterns, as in "
|
||||
@@ -1318,11 +1303,11 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:717
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:709
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::float;\n"
|
||||
"use std::float;\n"
|
||||
"# struct Point {x: float, y: float}\n"
|
||||
"# enum Shape { Circle(Point, float), Rectangle(Point, Point) }\n"
|
||||
"fn area(sh: Shape) -> float {\n"
|
||||
@@ -1335,7 +1320,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:722
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:714
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"You can write a lone `_` to ignore an individual field, and can ignore all "
|
||||
"fields of a variant like: `Circle(*)`. As in their introduction form, "
|
||||
@@ -1343,7 +1328,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:735
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:727
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1361,16 +1346,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:737
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:729
|
||||
msgid "Enum variants may also be structs. For example:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:755
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:747
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::float;\n"
|
||||
"use std::float;\n"
|
||||
"# struct Point { x: float, y: float }\n"
|
||||
"# fn square(x: float) -> float { x * x }\n"
|
||||
"enum Shape {\n"
|
||||
@@ -1389,12 +1374,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:757
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:749
|
||||
msgid "## Tuples"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:762
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:754
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Tuples in Rust behave exactly like structs, except that their fields do not "
|
||||
"have names. Thus, you cannot access their fields with dot notation. Tuples "
|
||||
@@ -1403,7 +1388,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:769
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:761
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1415,12 +1400,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:771
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:763
|
||||
msgid "## Tuple structs"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:776
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:768
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust also has _tuple structs_, which behave like both structs and tuples, "
|
||||
"except that, unlike tuples, tuple structs have names (so `Foo(1, 2)` has a "
|
||||
@@ -1429,7 +1414,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:785
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:777
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"For example:\n"
|
||||
@@ -1443,12 +1428,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:787
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:779
|
||||
msgid "<a name=\"newtype\"></a>"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:792
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:784
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"There is a special case for tuple structs with a single field, which are "
|
||||
"sometimes called \"newtypes\" (after Haskell's \"newtype\" feature). These "
|
||||
@@ -1457,50 +1442,50 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:796
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:788
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ struct GizmoId(int); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:799
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:791
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"For convenience, you can extract the contents of such a struct with the "
|
||||
"dereference (`*`) unary operator:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:805
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:797
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # struct GizmoId(int); let my_gizmo_id: GizmoId = GizmoId(10); let "
|
||||
"id_int: int = *my_gizmo_id; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:808
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:800
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Types like this can be useful to differentiate between data that have the "
|
||||
"same type but must be used in different ways."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:813
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:805
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ struct Inches(int); struct Centimeters(int); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:816
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:808
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The above definitions allow for a simple way for programs to avoid confusing "
|
||||
"numbers that correspond to different units."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:818
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:810
|
||||
msgid "# Functions"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:826
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:818
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"We've already seen several function definitions. Like all other static "
|
||||
"declarations, such as `type`, functions can be declared both at the top "
|
||||
@@ -1512,7 +1497,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:832
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:824
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1523,7 +1508,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:837
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:829
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `return` keyword immediately returns from the body of a function. It is "
|
||||
"optionally followed by an expression to return. A function can also return a "
|
||||
@@ -1531,7 +1516,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:843
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:835
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1542,7 +1527,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:850
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:842
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"It's better Rust style to write a return value this way instead of writing "
|
||||
"an explicit `return`. The utility of `return` comes in when returning early "
|
||||
@@ -1552,35 +1537,35 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:853
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:845
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ fn do_nothing_the_hard_way() -> () { return (); }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:856
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:848
|
||||
msgid "fn do_nothing_the_easy_way() { } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:858
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:850
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Ending the function with a semicolon like so is equivalent to returning `()`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:862
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:854
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ fn line(a: int, b: int, x: int) -> int { a * x + b } fn oops(a: int, b: "
|
||||
"int, x: int) -> () { a * x + b; }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:866
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:858
|
||||
msgid "assert!(8 == line(5, 3, 1)); assert!(() == oops(5, 3, 1)); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:870
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:862
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"As with `match` expressions and `let` bindings, function arguments support "
|
||||
"pattern destructuring. Like `let`, argument patterns must be irrefutable, as "
|
||||
@@ -1588,17 +1573,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:874
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:866
|
||||
msgid "~~~ fn first((value, _): (int, float)) -> int { value } ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:876 doc/tutorial-ffi.md:143
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:868 doc/tutorial-ffi.md:143
|
||||
msgid "# Destructors"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:880
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:872
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A *destructor* is a function responsible for cleaning up the resources used "
|
||||
"by an object when it is no longer accessible. Destructors can be defined to "
|
||||
@@ -1606,7 +1591,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:884
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:876
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Objects are never accessible after their destructor has been called, so "
|
||||
"there are no dynamic failures from accessing freed resources. When a task "
|
||||
@@ -1614,13 +1599,13 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:886
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:878
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `~` sigil represents a unique handle for a memory allocation on the heap:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:894
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:886
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1633,7 +1618,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:898
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:890
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust includes syntax for heap memory allocation in the language since it's "
|
||||
"commonly used, but the same semantics can be implemented by a type with a "
|
||||
@@ -1641,12 +1626,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:900
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:892
|
||||
msgid "# Ownership"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:905
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:897
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust formalizes the concept of object ownership to delegate management of an "
|
||||
"object's lifetime to either a variable or a task-local garbage collector. An "
|
||||
@@ -1656,7 +1641,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:911
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:903
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Ownership is recursive, so mutability is inherited recursively and a "
|
||||
"destructor destroys the contained tree of owned objects. Variables are top-"
|
||||
@@ -1666,14 +1651,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:915
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:907
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ // the struct owns the objects contained in the `x` and `y` fields "
|
||||
"struct Foo { x: int, y: ~int }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:922
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:914
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"{\n"
|
||||
@@ -1685,14 +1670,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:927
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:919
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// `b` is mutable, and the mutability is inherited by the objects it owns "
|
||||
"let mut b = Foo { x: 5, y: ~10 }; b.x = 10; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:933
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:925
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"If an object doesn't contain garbage-collected boxes, it consists of a "
|
||||
"single ownership tree and is given the `Owned` trait which allows it to be "
|
||||
@@ -1702,12 +1687,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:935
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:927
|
||||
msgid "# Boxes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:942
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:934
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Many modern languages represent values as pointers to heap memory by "
|
||||
"default. In contrast, Rust, like C and C++, represents such types directly. "
|
||||
@@ -1718,7 +1703,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:947
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:939
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"For small structs like `Point`, this is usually more efficient than "
|
||||
"allocating memory and indirecting through a pointer. But for big structs, or "
|
||||
@@ -1727,31 +1712,31 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:949
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:941
|
||||
msgid "## Owned boxes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:952
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:944
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"An owned box (`~`) is a uniquely owned allocation on the heap. It inherits "
|
||||
"the mutability and lifetime of the owner as it would if there was no box:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:957
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:949
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let x = 5; // immutable let mut y = 5; // mutable y += 2;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:962
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:954
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let x = ~5; // immutable let mut y = ~5; // mutable *y += 2; // the * "
|
||||
"operator is needed to access the contained value ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:967
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:959
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The purpose of an owned box is to add a layer of indirection in order to "
|
||||
"create recursive data structures or cheaply pass around an object larger "
|
||||
@@ -1760,14 +1745,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:970
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:962
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The following struct won't compile, because the lack of indirection would "
|
||||
"mean it has an infinite size:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:976
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:968
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -1778,7 +1763,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:980
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:972
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> ***Note:*** The `Option` type is an enum that represents an *optional* "
|
||||
"value. > It's comparable to a nullable pointer in many other languages, but "
|
||||
@@ -1786,7 +1771,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:984
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:976
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Adding indirection with an owned pointer allocates the child outside of the "
|
||||
"struct on the heap, which makes it a finite size and won't result in a "
|
||||
@@ -1794,7 +1779,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:990
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:982
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1805,46 +1790,46 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:992
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:984
|
||||
msgid "## Managed boxes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1000
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:992
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A managed box (`@`) is a heap allocation with the lifetime managed by a task-"
|
||||
"local garbage collector. It will be destroyed at some point after there are "
|
||||
"no references left to the box, no later than the end of the task. Managed "
|
||||
"boxes lack an owner, so they start a new ownership tree and don't inherit "
|
||||
"mutability. They do own the contained object, and mutability is defined by "
|
||||
"the type of the shared box (`@` or `@mut`). An object containing a managed "
|
||||
"the type of the managed box (`@` or `@mut`). An object containing a managed "
|
||||
"box is not `Owned`, and can't be sent between tasks."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1003
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:995
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let a = @5; // immutable"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1006
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:998
|
||||
msgid "let mut b = @5; // mutable variable, immutable box b = @10;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1009
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1001
|
||||
msgid "let c = @mut 5; // immutable variable, mutable box *c = 10;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1014
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1006
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let mut d = @mut 5; // mutable variable, mutable box *d += 5; d = @mut 15; "
|
||||
"~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1019
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1011
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A mutable variable and an immutable variable can refer to the same box, "
|
||||
"given that their types are compatible. Mutability of a box is a property of "
|
||||
@@ -1853,7 +1838,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1023
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1015
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1862,7 +1847,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1026
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1018
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let mut c : @int; // declare a variable with type managed immutable int\n"
|
||||
@@ -1870,7 +1855,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1030
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1022
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"c = a; // box type is the same, okay\n"
|
||||
@@ -1879,7 +1864,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1035
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1027
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -1889,12 +1874,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1037
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1029
|
||||
msgid "# Move semantics"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1043
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1035
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust uses a shallow copy for parameter passing, assignment and returning "
|
||||
"values from functions. A shallow copy is considered a move of ownership if "
|
||||
@@ -1904,33 +1889,33 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1049
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1041
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ let x = ~5; let y = x.clone(); // y is a newly allocated box let z = "
|
||||
"x; // no new memory allocated, x can no longer be used ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1052
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1044
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Since in owned boxes mutability is a property of the owner, not the box, "
|
||||
"mutable boxes may become immutable when they are moved, and vice-versa."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1059
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1051
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ let r = ~13; let mut s = r; // box becomes mutable *s += 1; let t = "
|
||||
"s; // box becomes immutable ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1061
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1053
|
||||
msgid "# Borrowed pointers"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1067
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1059
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust's borrowed pointers are a general purpose reference type. In contrast "
|
||||
"with owned boxes, where the holder of an owned box is the owner of the "
|
||||
@@ -1940,12 +1925,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1069
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1061
|
||||
msgid "As an example, consider a simple struct type, `Point`:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1076
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1068
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1957,7 +1942,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1080
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1072
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"We can use this simple definition to allocate points in many different ways. "
|
||||
"For example, in this code, each of these three local variables contains a "
|
||||
@@ -1965,7 +1950,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1087
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1079
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -1977,22 +1962,21 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1099
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1089
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Suppose we want to write a procedure that computes the distance between any "
|
||||
"two points, no matter where they are stored. For example, we might like to "
|
||||
"compute the distance between `on_the_stack` and `managed_box`, or between "
|
||||
"`managed_box` and `owned_box`. One option is to define a function that takes "
|
||||
"two arguments of type pointthat is, it takes the points by value. But this "
|
||||
"two arguments of type point—that is, it takes the points by value. But this "
|
||||
"will cause the points to be copied when we call the function. For points, "
|
||||
"this is probably not so bad, but often copies are expensive or, worse, if "
|
||||
"there are mutable fields, they can change the semantics of your program. So "
|
||||
"wed like to define a function that takes the points by pointer. We can use "
|
||||
"borrowed pointers to do this:"
|
||||
"this is probably not so bad, but often copies are expensive. So we’d like to "
|
||||
"define a function that takes the points by pointer. We can use borrowed "
|
||||
"pointers to do this:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1109
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1099
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2007,12 +1991,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1111 doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:72
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1101 doc/tutorial-borrowed-ptr.md:72
|
||||
msgid "Now we can call `compute_distance()` in various ways:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1121
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1111
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2027,7 +2011,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1128
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1118
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Here the `&` operator is used to take the address of the variable "
|
||||
"`on_the_stack`; this is because `on_the_stack` has the type `Point` (that "
|
||||
@@ -2037,7 +2021,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1134
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1124
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In the case of the boxes `managed_box` and `owned_box`, however, no explicit "
|
||||
"action is necessary. The compiler will automatically convert a box like "
|
||||
@@ -2047,7 +2031,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1143
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1133
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Whenever a value is borrowed, there are some limitations on what you can do "
|
||||
"with the original. For example, if the contents of a variable have been lent "
|
||||
@@ -2059,31 +2043,31 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1146
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1136
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"For a more in-depth explanation of borrowed pointers, read the [borrowed "
|
||||
"pointer tutorial][borrowtut]."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1148
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1138
|
||||
msgid "[borrowtut]: tutorial-borrowed-ptr.html"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1150
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1140
|
||||
msgid "## Freezing"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1153
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1143
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Borrowing an immutable pointer to an object freezes it and prevents "
|
||||
"mutation. `Owned` objects have freezing enforced statically at compile-time."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1161
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1152
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2092,11 +2076,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
" let y = &x; // x is now frozen, it cannot be modified\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"// x is now unfrozen again\n"
|
||||
"# x = 3;\n"
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1165
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1156
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Mutable managed boxes handle freezing dynamically when any of their contents "
|
||||
"are borrowed, and the task will fail if an attempt to modify them is made "
|
||||
@@ -2104,7 +2089,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1175
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1166
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2119,29 +2104,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1177
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1168
|
||||
msgid "# Dereferencing pointers"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1180
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1171
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust uses the unary star operator (`*`) to access the contents of a box or "
|
||||
"pointer, similarly to C."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1185
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1176
|
||||
msgid "~~~ let managed = @10; let owned = ~20; let borrowed = &30;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1188
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1179
|
||||
msgid "let sum = *managed + *owned + *borrowed; ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1192
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1183
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Dereferenced mutable pointers may appear on the left hand side of "
|
||||
"assignments. Such an assignment modifies the value that the pointer points "
|
||||
@@ -2149,17 +2134,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1196
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1187
|
||||
msgid "~~~ let managed = @mut 10; let mut owned = ~20;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1199
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1190
|
||||
msgid "let mut value = 30; let borrowed = &mut value;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1204
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1195
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"*managed = *owned + 10;\n"
|
||||
@@ -2169,7 +2154,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1208
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1199
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Pointers have high operator precedence, but lower precedence than the dot "
|
||||
"operator used for field and method access. This precedence order can "
|
||||
@@ -2177,7 +2162,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1218
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1209
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # struct Point { x: float, y: float } # enum Shape { Rectangle(Point, "
|
||||
"Point) } # impl Shape { fn area(&self) -> int { 0 } } let start = @Point "
|
||||
@@ -2186,7 +2171,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1222
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1213
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To combat this ugliness the dot operator applies _automatic pointer "
|
||||
"dereferencing_ to the receiver (the value on the left-hand side of the dot), "
|
||||
@@ -2194,7 +2179,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1232
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1223
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # struct Point { x: float, y: float } # enum Shape { Rectangle(Point, "
|
||||
"Point) } # impl Shape { fn area(&self) -> int { 0 } } let start = @Point "
|
||||
@@ -2203,7 +2188,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1236
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1227
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"You can write an expression that dereferences any number of pointers "
|
||||
"automatically. For example, if you feel inclined, you could write something "
|
||||
@@ -2211,24 +2196,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1242
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1233
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # struct Point { x: float, y: float } let point = &@~Point { x: 10f, y: "
|
||||
"20f }; println(fmt!(\"%f\", point.x)); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1244
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1235
|
||||
msgid "The indexing operator (`[]`) also auto-dereferences."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1246
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1237
|
||||
msgid "# Vectors and strings"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1251
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1242
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A vector is a contiguous section of memory containing zero or more values of "
|
||||
"the same type. Like other types in Rust, vectors can be stored on the stack, "
|
||||
@@ -2237,7 +2222,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1261
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1252
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2252,64 +2237,69 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1264
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1255
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// A borrowed pointer to stack-allocated vector let stack_crayons: &[Crayon] "
|
||||
"= &[Aquamarine, Asparagus, AtomicTangerine];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1267
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1258
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// A local heap (managed) vector of crayons let local_crayons: @[Crayon] = "
|
||||
"@[BananaMania, Beaver, Bittersweet];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1271
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1262
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// An exchange heap (owned) vector of crayons let exchange_crayons: "
|
||||
"~[Crayon] = ~[Black, BlizzardBlue, Blue]; ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1273
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1264
|
||||
msgid "The `+` operator means concatenation when applied to vector types."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1278
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1274
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# enum Crayon { Almond, AntiqueBrass, Apricot,\n"
|
||||
"# Aquamarine, Asparagus, AtomicTangerine,\n"
|
||||
"# BananaMania, Beaver, Bittersweet };\n"
|
||||
"# impl Clone for Crayon {\n"
|
||||
"# fn clone(&self) -> Crayon {\n"
|
||||
"# *self\n"
|
||||
"# }\n"
|
||||
"# }\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1281
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1277
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let my_crayons = ~[Almond, AntiqueBrass, Apricot]; let your_crayons = "
|
||||
"~[BananaMania, Beaver, Bittersweet];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1284
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1280
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Add two vectors to create a new one let our_crayons = my_crayons + "
|
||||
"your_crayons;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1289
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1285
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// .push_all() will append to a vector, provided it lives in a mutable slot "
|
||||
"let mut my_crayons = my_crayons; my_crayons.push_all(your_crayons); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1294
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1290
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> ***Note:*** The above examples of vector addition use owned > vectors. "
|
||||
"Some operations on slices and stack vectors are > not yet well-supported. "
|
||||
@@ -2317,12 +2307,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1296
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1292
|
||||
msgid "Square brackets denote indexing into a vector:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1308
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1304
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2339,16 +2329,16 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1310
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1306
|
||||
msgid "A vector can be destructured using pattern matching:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1320
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1316
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"let numbers: [int, ..3] = [1, 2, 3];\n"
|
||||
"let numbers: &[int] = &[1, 2, 3];\n"
|
||||
"let score = match numbers {\n"
|
||||
" [] => 0,\n"
|
||||
" [a] => a * 10,\n"
|
||||
@@ -2359,7 +2349,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1324
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1320
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The elements of a vector _inherit the mutability of the vector_, and as "
|
||||
"such, individual elements may not be reassigned when the vector lives in an "
|
||||
@@ -2367,7 +2357,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1330
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1326
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -2378,17 +2368,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1333
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1329
|
||||
msgid "crayons[0] = Apricot; // ERROR: Can't assign to immutable vector ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1335
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1331
|
||||
msgid "Moving it into a mutable slot makes the elements assignable."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1341
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1337
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2399,25 +2389,25 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1344
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1340
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Put the vector into a mutable slot let mut mutable_crayons = crayons;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1348
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1344
|
||||
msgid "// Now it's mutable to the bone mutable_crayons[0] = Apricot; ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1351
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1347
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This is a simple example of Rust's _dual-mode data structures_, also "
|
||||
"referred to as _freezing and thawing_."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1359
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1355
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Strings are implemented with vectors of `u8`, though they have a distinct "
|
||||
"type. They support most of the same allocation options as vectors, though "
|
||||
@@ -2428,47 +2418,47 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1363
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1359
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ // A plain string is a slice to read-only (static) memory let "
|
||||
"stack_crayons: &str = \"Almond, AntiqueBrass, Apricot\";"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1366
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1362
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// The same thing, but with the `&` let stack_crayons: &str = &\"Aquamarine, "
|
||||
"Asparagus, AtomicTangerine\";"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1369
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1365
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// A local heap (managed) string let local_crayons: @str = @\"BananaMania, "
|
||||
"Beaver, Bittersweet\";"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1373
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1369
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// An exchange heap (owned) string let exchange_crayons: ~str = ~\"Black, "
|
||||
"BlizzardBlue, Blue\"; ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1377
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1373
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Both vectors and strings support a number of useful [methods](#functions-and-"
|
||||
"methods), defined in [`std::vec`] and [`std::str`]. Here are some examples."
|
||||
"Both vectors and strings support a number of useful [methods](#methods), "
|
||||
"defined in [`std::vec`] and [`std::str`]. Here are some examples."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1380
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1376
|
||||
msgid "[`std::vec`]: std/vec.html [`std::str`]: std/str.html"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1391
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1387
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2484,23 +2474,23 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1393
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1389
|
||||
msgid "let crayons = [Almond, AntiqueBrass, Apricot];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1397
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1393
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Check the length of the vector assert!(crayons.len() == 3); assert!(!"
|
||||
"crayons.is_empty());"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1404
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1400
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Iterate over a vector, obtaining a pointer to each element\n"
|
||||
"// (`for` is explained in the next section)\n"
|
||||
"// (`for` is explained in the container/iterator tutorial)\n"
|
||||
"for crayon in crayons.iter() {\n"
|
||||
" let delicious_crayon_wax = unwrap_crayon(*crayon);\n"
|
||||
" eat_crayon_wax(delicious_crayon_wax);\n"
|
||||
@@ -2508,21 +2498,21 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1408
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1404
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Map vector elements let crayon_names = crayons.map(|v| "
|
||||
"crayon_to_str(*v)); let favorite_crayon_name = crayon_names[0];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1411
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1407
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Remove whitespace from before and after the string let "
|
||||
"new_favorite_crayon_name = favorite_crayon_name.trim();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1417
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1413
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"if favorite_crayon_name.len() > 5 {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2533,12 +2523,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1419
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1415
|
||||
msgid "# Closures"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1424
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1420
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Named functions, like those we've seen so far, may not refer to local "
|
||||
"variables declared outside the function: they do not close over their "
|
||||
@@ -2547,12 +2537,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1427
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1423
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ {.ignore} let foo = 10;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1432
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1428
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn bar() -> int {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2562,31 +2552,31 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1435
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1431
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust also supports _closures_, functions that can access variables in the "
|
||||
"enclosing scope."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1438
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1434
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ fn call_closure_with_ten(b: &fn(int)) { b(10); }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1441
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1437
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let captured_var = 20; let closure = |arg| println(fmt!(\"captured_var=%d, "
|
||||
"arg=%d\", captured_var, arg));"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1444
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1440
|
||||
msgid "call_closure_with_ten(closure); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1450
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1446
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Closures begin with the argument list between vertical bars and are followed "
|
||||
"by a single expression. Remember that a block, `{ <expr1>; <expr2>; ... }`, "
|
||||
@@ -2596,7 +2586,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1455
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1451
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The types of the arguments are generally omitted, as is the return type, "
|
||||
"because the compiler can almost always infer them. In the rare case where "
|
||||
@@ -2605,12 +2595,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1459
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let square = |x: int| -> uint { x * x as uint }; ~~~~"
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1455
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let square = |x: int| -> uint { (x * x) as uint }; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1463
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1459
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"There are several forms of closure, each with its own role. The most common, "
|
||||
"called a _stack closure_, has type `&fn` and can directly access local "
|
||||
@@ -2618,12 +2608,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1468
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1464
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ let mut max = 0; [1, 2, 3].map(|x| if *x > max { max = *x }); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1477
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1473
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Stack closures are very efficient because their environment is allocated on "
|
||||
"the call stack and refers by pointer to captured locals. To ensure that "
|
||||
@@ -2635,12 +2625,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1479
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1475
|
||||
msgid "## Managed closures"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1485
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1481
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When you need to store a closure in a data structure, a stack closure will "
|
||||
"not do, since the compiler will refuse to let you store it. For this "
|
||||
@@ -2650,7 +2640,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1490
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1486
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A managed closure does not directly access its environment, but merely "
|
||||
"copies out the values that it closes over into a private data structure. "
|
||||
@@ -2659,14 +2649,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1493
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1489
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This code creates a closure that adds a given string to its argument, "
|
||||
"returns it from a function, and then calls it:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1499
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1495
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2677,7 +2667,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1505
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1501
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2688,12 +2678,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1507
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1503
|
||||
msgid "## Owned closures"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1514
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1510
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Owned closures, written `~fn` in analogy to the `~` pointer type, hold on to "
|
||||
"things that can safely be sent between processes. They copy the values they "
|
||||
@@ -2703,17 +2693,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1516
|
||||
msgid "[tasks]: tutorial-tasks.html"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1518
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1512
|
||||
msgid "## Closure compatibility"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1525
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1519
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Rust closures have a convenient subtyping property: you can pass any kind of "
|
||||
"closure (as long as the arguments and return types match) to functions that "
|
||||
@@ -2724,7 +2709,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1533
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1527
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ fn call_twice(f: &fn()) { f(); f(); } let closure = || { \"I'm a "
|
||||
"closure, and it doesn't matter what type I am\"; }; fn function() { \"I'm a "
|
||||
@@ -2732,7 +2717,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1537
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1531
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> ***Note:*** Both the syntax and the semantics will be changing > in small "
|
||||
"ways. At the moment they can be unsound in some > scenarios, particularly "
|
||||
@@ -2740,26 +2725,26 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1539
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1533
|
||||
msgid "## Do syntax"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1542
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1536
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `do` expression provides a way to treat higher-order functions "
|
||||
"(functions that take closures as arguments) as control structures."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1545
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1539
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Consider this function that iterates over a vector of integers, passing in a "
|
||||
"pointer to each integer in the vector:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1555
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1549
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2774,14 +2759,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1559
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1553
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"As a caller, if we use a closure to provide the final operator argument, we "
|
||||
"can write it in a way that has a pleasant, block-like structure."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1567
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1561
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2794,14 +2779,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1570
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1564
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This is such a useful pattern that Rust has a special form of function call "
|
||||
"that can be written more like a built-in control structure:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1578
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1572
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2814,7 +2799,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1583
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1577
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The call is prefixed with the keyword `do` and, instead of writing the final "
|
||||
"closure inside the argument list, it appears outside of the parentheses, "
|
||||
@@ -2822,7 +2807,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1588
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1582
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`do` is a convenient way to create tasks with the `task::spawn` function. "
|
||||
"`spawn` has the signature `spawn(fn: ~fn())`. In other words, it is a "
|
||||
@@ -2830,12 +2815,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1591
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1585 doc/tutorial.md:1597
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ use std::task::spawn;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1596
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1590
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"do spawn() || {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2845,7 +2830,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1600
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1594
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Look at all those bars and parentheses -- that's two empty argument lists "
|
||||
"back to back. Since that is so unsightly, empty argument lists may be "
|
||||
@@ -2853,11 +2838,9 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1607
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1602
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::task::spawn;\n"
|
||||
"do spawn {\n"
|
||||
" debug!(\"Kablam!\");\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
@@ -2865,7 +2848,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1610
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1605
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"If you want to see the output of `debug!` statements, you will need to turn "
|
||||
"on `debug!` logging. To enable `debug!` logging, set the RUST_LOG "
|
||||
@@ -2874,12 +2857,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1612
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1607
|
||||
msgid "# Methods"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1618
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1613
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Methods are like functions except that they always begin with a special "
|
||||
"argument, called `self`, which has the type of the method's receiver. The "
|
||||
@@ -2888,7 +2871,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1622
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1617
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"_Implementations_, written with the `impl` keyword, can define methods on "
|
||||
"most Rust types, including structs and enums. As an example, let's define a "
|
||||
@@ -2896,7 +2879,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1630
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1625
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2909,7 +2892,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1635
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1630
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"enum Shape {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2919,7 +2902,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1644
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1639
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Shape {\n"
|
||||
@@ -2933,12 +2916,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1648
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1643
|
||||
msgid "let s = Circle(Point { x: 1f, y: 2f }, 3f); s.draw(); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1652
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1647
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This defines an _implementation_ for `Shape` containing a single method, "
|
||||
"`draw`. In most respects the `draw` method is defined like any other "
|
||||
@@ -2946,7 +2929,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1657
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1652
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The type of `self` is the type on which the method is implemented, or a "
|
||||
"pointer thereof. As an argument it is written either `self`, `&self`, "
|
||||
@@ -2955,7 +2938,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1672
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1667
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -2975,26 +2958,26 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1674
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1669
|
||||
msgid "let s = Circle(Point { x: 1f, y: 2f }, 3f);"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1680
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1675
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"(@s).draw_managed(); (~s).draw_owned(); (&s).draw_borrowed(); s."
|
||||
"draw_value(); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1684
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1679
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Methods typically take a borrowed pointer self type, so the compiler will go "
|
||||
"to great lengths to convert a callee to a borrowed pointer."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1702
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1697
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3017,29 +3000,29 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1705
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1700
|
||||
msgid "(@s).draw_borrowed(); (~s).draw_borrowed();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1709
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1704
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// Unlike typical function arguments, the self value will // automatically "
|
||||
"be referenced ... s.draw_borrowed();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1712
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1707
|
||||
msgid "// ... and dereferenced (& &s).draw_borrowed();"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1716
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1711
|
||||
msgid "// ... and dereferenced and borrowed (&@~s).draw_borrowed(); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1720
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1715
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Implementations may also define standalone (sometimes called \"static\") "
|
||||
"methods. The absence of a `self` parameter distinguishes such methods. "
|
||||
@@ -3047,7 +3030,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1727
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1722
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -3059,17 +3042,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1729
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1724
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To call such a method, just prefix it with the type name and a double colon:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1738
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1733
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::float::consts::pi;\n"
|
||||
"use std::float::consts::pi;\n"
|
||||
"struct Circle { radius: float }\n"
|
||||
"impl Circle {\n"
|
||||
" fn new(area: float) -> Circle { Circle { radius: (area / pi).sqrt() } }\n"
|
||||
@@ -3079,12 +3062,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1740
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1735
|
||||
msgid "# Generics"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1748
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1743
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Throughout this tutorial, we've been defining functions that act only on "
|
||||
"specific data types. With type parameters we can also define functions whose "
|
||||
@@ -3095,7 +3078,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1758
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1753
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3110,7 +3093,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1763
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1758
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When defined with type parameters, as denoted by `<T, U>`, this function can "
|
||||
"be applied to any type of vector, as long as the type of `function`'s "
|
||||
@@ -3118,7 +3101,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1773
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1768
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Inside a generic function, the names of the type parameters (capitalized by "
|
||||
"convention) stand for opaque types. All you can do with instances of these "
|
||||
@@ -3131,18 +3114,18 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1775
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1770
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Generic `type`, `struct`, and `enum` declarations follow the same pattern:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1779
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ # use std::hashmap::HashMap; type Set<T> = HashMap<T, ()>;"
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1774
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ use std::hashmap::HashMap; type Set<T> = HashMap<T, ()>;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1783
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1778
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"struct Stack<T> {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3151,7 +3134,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1789
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1784
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"enum Option<T> {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3162,14 +3145,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1792
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1787
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"These declarations can be instantiated to valid types like `Set<int>`, "
|
||||
"`Stack<int>`, and `Option<int>`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1798
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1793
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The last type in that example, `Option`, appears frequently in Rust code. "
|
||||
"Because Rust does not have null pointers (except in unsafe code), we need "
|
||||
@@ -3179,7 +3162,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1809
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1804
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3195,7 +3178,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1817
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1812
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust compiler compiles generic functions very efficiently by "
|
||||
"*monomorphizing* them. *Monomorphization* is a fancy name for a simple idea: "
|
||||
@@ -3206,12 +3189,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1819
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1814
|
||||
msgid "## Traits"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1829
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1824
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Within a generic function the operations available on generic types are very "
|
||||
"limited. After all, since the function doesn't know what types it is "
|
||||
@@ -3224,26 +3207,25 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1836
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1832
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"As motivation, let us consider copying in Rust. The `copy` operation is not "
|
||||
"defined for all Rust types. One reason is user-defined destructors: copying "
|
||||
"As motivation, let us consider copying in Rust. The `clone` method is not "
|
||||
"defined for all Rust types. One reason is user-defined destructors: copying "
|
||||
"a type that has a destructor could result in the destructor running multiple "
|
||||
"times. Therefore, types with user-defined destructors cannot be copied, "
|
||||
"either implicitly or explicitly, and neither can types that own other types "
|
||||
"containing destructors."
|
||||
"times. Therefore, types with destructors cannot be copied unless you "
|
||||
"explicitly implement `Clone` for them."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1840
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1837
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This complicates handling of generic functions. If you have a type parameter "
|
||||
"`T`, can you copy values of that type? In Rust, you can't, and if you try to "
|
||||
"run the following code the compiler will complain."
|
||||
"This complicates handling of generic functions. If you have a type "
|
||||
"parameter `T`, can you copy values of that type? In Rust, you can't, and if "
|
||||
"you try to run the following code the compiler will complain."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1847
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1844
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test}\n"
|
||||
@@ -3255,77 +3237,71 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1852
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1851
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"However, we can tell the compiler that the `head` function is only for "
|
||||
"copyable types: that is, those that have the `Copy` trait. In that case, we "
|
||||
"can explicitly create a second copy of the value we are returning using the "
|
||||
"`copy` keyword:"
|
||||
"copyable types: that is, those that implement the `Clone` trait. In that "
|
||||
"case, we can explicitly create a second copy of the value we are returning "
|
||||
"using the `clone` keyword:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1859
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1858
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"// This does\n"
|
||||
"fn head<T: Copy>(v: &[T]) -> T {\n"
|
||||
" copy v[0]\n"
|
||||
"fn head<T: Clone>(v: &[T]) -> T {\n"
|
||||
" v[0].clone()\n"
|
||||
"}\n"
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1867
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1866
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This says that we can call `head` on any type `T` as long as that type "
|
||||
"implements the `Copy` trait. When instantiating a generic function, you can "
|
||||
"only instantiate it with types that implement the correct trait, so you "
|
||||
"could not apply `head` to a type with a destructor. (`Copy` is a special "
|
||||
"trait that is built in to the compiler, making it possible for the compiler "
|
||||
"to enforce this restriction.)"
|
||||
"implements the `Clone` trait. When instantiating a generic function, you "
|
||||
"can only instantiate it with types that implement the correct trait, so you "
|
||||
"could not apply `head` to a type that does not implement `Clone`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1871
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"While most traits can be defined and implemented by user code, three traits "
|
||||
"While most traits can be defined and implemented by user code, two traits "
|
||||
"are automatically derived and implemented for all applicable types by the "
|
||||
"compiler, and may not be overridden:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1875
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`Copy` - Types that can be copied, either implicitly, or explicitly with the "
|
||||
"`copy` operator. All types are copyable unless they have destructors or "
|
||||
"contain types with destructors."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1879
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`Owned` - Owned types. Types are owned unless they contain managed boxes, "
|
||||
"managed closures, or borrowed pointers. Owned types may or may not be "
|
||||
"copyable."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1882
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`Const` - Constant (immutable) types. These are types that do not contain "
|
||||
"mutable fields."
|
||||
"* `Send` - Sendable types.\n"
|
||||
"Types are sendable\n"
|
||||
"unless they contain managed boxes, managed closures, or borrowed pointers.\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1885
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1880
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> ***Note:*** These three traits were referred to as 'kinds' in earlier > "
|
||||
"* `Freeze` - Constant (immutable) types.\n"
|
||||
"These are types that do not contain anything intrinsically mutable.\n"
|
||||
"Intrinsically mutable values include `@mut`\n"
|
||||
"and `Cell` in the standard library.\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1883
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"> ***Note:*** These two traits were referred to as 'kinds' in earlier > "
|
||||
"iterations of the language, and often still are."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1891
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1889
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Additionally, the `Drop` trait is used to define destructors. This trait "
|
||||
"defines one method called `drop`, which is automatically called when a value "
|
||||
@@ -3334,7 +3310,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1896
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1894
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3344,12 +3320,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1905
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1903
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Drop for TimeBomb {\n"
|
||||
" fn drop(&self) {\n"
|
||||
" for self.explosivity.times {\n"
|
||||
" for _ in range(0, self.explosivity) {\n"
|
||||
" println(\"blam!\");\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
@@ -3358,28 +3334,28 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1908
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1906
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"It is illegal to call `drop` directly. Only code inserted by the compiler "
|
||||
"may call it."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1910
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1908
|
||||
msgid "## Declaring and implementing traits"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1915
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1914
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A trait consists of a set of methods, without bodies, or may be empty, as is "
|
||||
"the case with `Copy`, `Owned`, and `Const`. For example, we could declare "
|
||||
"the trait `Printable` for things that can be printed to the console, with a "
|
||||
"single method:"
|
||||
"A trait consists of a set of methods without bodies, or may be empty, as is "
|
||||
"the case with `Send` and `Freeze`. For example, we could declare the trait "
|
||||
"`Printable` for things that can be printed to the console, with a single "
|
||||
"method:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1921
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1920
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3390,7 +3366,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1926
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1925
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Traits may be implemented for specific types with [impls]. An impl that "
|
||||
"implements a trait includes the name of the trait at the start of the "
|
||||
@@ -3398,12 +3374,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1928
|
||||
msgid "[impls]: #functions-and-methods"
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1927
|
||||
msgid "[impls]: #methods"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1934
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1933
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3414,7 +3390,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1938
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1937
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Printable for ~str {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3423,12 +3399,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1942
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1941
|
||||
msgid "# 1.print(); # (~\"foo\").print(); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1947
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1946
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Methods defined in an implementation of a trait may be called just like any "
|
||||
"other method, using dot notation, as in `1.print()`. Traits may themselves "
|
||||
@@ -3437,7 +3413,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1952
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1951
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3447,7 +3423,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1957
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1956
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl<T> Seq<T> for ~[T] {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3457,7 +3433,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1964
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1963
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The implementation has to explicitly declare the type parameter that it "
|
||||
"binds, `T`, before using it to specify its trait type. Rust requires this "
|
||||
@@ -3467,7 +3443,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1969
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1968
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The type parameters bound by a trait are in scope in each of the method "
|
||||
"declarations. So, re-declaring the type parameter `T` as an explicit type "
|
||||
@@ -3476,7 +3452,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1974
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1973
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Within a trait definition, `Self` is a special type that you can think of as "
|
||||
"a type parameter. An implementation of the trait for any given type `T` "
|
||||
@@ -3485,7 +3461,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1981
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1980
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3497,7 +3473,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1987
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1986
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"// In an impl, `self` refers just to the value of the receiver\n"
|
||||
@@ -3508,7 +3484,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1992
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1991
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Notice that in the trait definition, `equals` takes a second parameter of "
|
||||
"type `Self`. In contrast, in the `impl`, `equals` takes a second parameter "
|
||||
@@ -3516,7 +3492,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1997
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:1996
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Just as in type implementations, traits can define standalone (static) "
|
||||
"methods. These methods are called by prefixing the method name with the "
|
||||
@@ -3525,14 +3501,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2003
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2002
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # use std::float::consts::pi; trait Shape { fn new(area: float) -> "
|
||||
"~~~~ use std::float::consts::pi; trait Shape { fn new(area: float) -> "
|
||||
"Self; } struct Circle { radius: float } struct Square { length: float }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2010
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2009
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Shape for Circle {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3544,19 +3520,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2015
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2014
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let area = 42.5; let c: Circle = Shape::new(area); let s: Square = Shape::"
|
||||
"new(area); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2017
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2016
|
||||
msgid "## Bounded type parameters and static method dispatch"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2022
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2021
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Traits give us a language for defining predicates on types, or abstract "
|
||||
"properties that types can have. We can use this language to define _bounds_ "
|
||||
@@ -3564,7 +3540,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2031
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2030
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3578,32 +3554,32 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2037
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2036
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Declaring `T` as conforming to the `Printable` trait (as we earlier did with "
|
||||
"`Copy`) makes it possible to call methods from that trait on values of type "
|
||||
"`Clone`) makes it possible to call methods from that trait on values of type "
|
||||
"`T` inside the function. It will also cause a compile-time error when anyone "
|
||||
"tries to call `print_all` on an array whose element type does not have a "
|
||||
"`Printable` implementation."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2040
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2039
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Type parameters can have multiple bounds by separating them with `+`, as in "
|
||||
"this version of `print_all` that copies elements."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2052
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2051
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
"# trait Printable { fn print(&self); }\n"
|
||||
"fn print_all<T: Printable + Copy>(printable_things: ~[T]) {\n"
|
||||
"fn print_all<T: Printable + Clone>(printable_things: ~[T]) {\n"
|
||||
" let mut i = 0;\n"
|
||||
" while i < printable_things.len() {\n"
|
||||
" let copy_of_thing = copy printable_things[i];\n"
|
||||
" let copy_of_thing = printable_things[i].clone();\n"
|
||||
" copy_of_thing.print();\n"
|
||||
" i += 1;\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
@@ -3612,7 +3588,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2056
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2055
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Method calls to bounded type parameters are _statically dispatched_, "
|
||||
"imposing no more overhead than normal function invocation, so are the "
|
||||
@@ -3620,17 +3596,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2058
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2057
|
||||
msgid "This usage of traits is similar to Haskell type classes."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2060
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2059
|
||||
msgid "## Trait objects and dynamic method dispatch"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2064
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2063
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The above allows us to define functions that polymorphically act on values "
|
||||
"of a single unknown type that conforms to a given trait. However, consider "
|
||||
@@ -3638,7 +3614,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2070
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2069
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # type Circle = int; type Rectangle = int; # impl Drawable for int { fn "
|
||||
"draw(&self) {} } # fn new_circle() -> int { 1 } trait Drawable { fn "
|
||||
@@ -3646,7 +3622,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2077
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2076
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn draw_all<T: Drawable>(shapes: ~[T]) {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3658,7 +3634,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2083
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2082
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"You can call that on an array of circles, or an array of rectangles "
|
||||
"(assuming those have suitable `Drawable` traits defined), but not on an "
|
||||
@@ -3667,7 +3643,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2090
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2089
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3679,7 +3655,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2095
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2094
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"In this example, there is no type parameter. Instead, the `@Drawable` type "
|
||||
"denotes any managed box value that implements the `Drawable` trait. To "
|
||||
@@ -3688,7 +3664,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2102
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2101
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ # type Circle = int; type Rectangle = bool; # trait Drawable { fn "
|
||||
"draw(&self); } # fn new_circle() -> Circle { 1 } # fn new_rectangle() -> "
|
||||
@@ -3696,21 +3672,21 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2105
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2104
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"impl Drawable for Circle { fn draw(&self) { ... } } impl Drawable for "
|
||||
"Rectangle { fn draw(&self) { ... } }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2110
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2109
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let c: @Circle = @new_circle(); let r: @Rectangle = @new_rectangle(); "
|
||||
"draw_all([c as @Drawable, r as @Drawable]); ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2118
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2117
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"We omit the code for `new_circle` and `new_rectangle`; imagine that these "
|
||||
"just return `Circle`s and `Rectangle`s with a default size. Note that, like "
|
||||
@@ -3721,7 +3697,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2132
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2131
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # type Circle = int; type Rectangle = int; # trait Drawable { fn "
|
||||
"draw(&self); } # impl Drawable for int { fn draw(&self) {} } # fn "
|
||||
@@ -3732,7 +3708,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2137
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2136
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Method calls to trait types are _dynamically dispatched_. Since the compiler "
|
||||
"doesn't know specifically which functions to call at compile time, it uses a "
|
||||
@@ -3741,17 +3717,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2139
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2138
|
||||
msgid "This usage of traits is similar to Java interfaces."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2141
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2140
|
||||
msgid "## Trait inheritance"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2146
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2145
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"We can write a trait declaration that _inherits_ from other traits, called "
|
||||
"_supertraits_. Types that implement a trait must also implement its "
|
||||
@@ -3760,24 +3736,24 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2151
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2150
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ trait Shape { fn area(&self) -> float; } trait Circle : Shape { fn "
|
||||
"radius(&self) -> float; } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2153
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2152
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Now, we can implement `Circle` on a type only if we also implement `Shape`."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2168
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2167
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
"# use std::float::consts::pi;\n"
|
||||
"use std::float::consts::pi;\n"
|
||||
"# trait Shape { fn area(&self) -> float; }\n"
|
||||
"# trait Circle : Shape { fn radius(&self) -> float; }\n"
|
||||
"# struct Point { x: float, y: float }\n"
|
||||
@@ -3793,7 +3769,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2173
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2172
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Notice that methods of `Circle` can call methods on `Shape`, as our `radius` "
|
||||
"implementation calls the `area` method. This is a silly way to compute the "
|
||||
@@ -3802,36 +3778,36 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2197
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2196
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ {.xfail-test} # use std::float::consts::pi; # trait Shape { fn "
|
||||
"area(&self) -> float; } # trait Circle : Shape { fn radius(&self) -> "
|
||||
"float; } # struct Point { x: float, y: float } # struct CircleStruct "
|
||||
"{ center: Point, radius: float } # impl Circle for CircleStruct { fn "
|
||||
"radius(&self) -> float { (self.area() / pi).sqrt() } } # impl Shape for "
|
||||
"CircleStruct { fn area(&self) -> float { pi * square(self.radius) } }"
|
||||
"~~~ {.xfail-test} use std::float::consts::pi; # trait Shape { fn area(&self) "
|
||||
"-> float; } # trait Circle : Shape { fn radius(&self) -> float; } # struct "
|
||||
"Point { x: float, y: float } # struct CircleStruct { center: Point, radius: "
|
||||
"float } # impl Circle for CircleStruct { fn radius(&self) -> float { (self."
|
||||
"area() / pi).sqrt() } } # impl Shape for CircleStruct { fn area(&self) -> "
|
||||
"float { pi * square(self.radius) } }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2202
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2201
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"let concrete = @CircleStruct{center:Point{x:3f,y:4f},radius:5f}; let "
|
||||
"mycircle: Circle = concrete as @Circle; let nonsense = mycircle.radius() * "
|
||||
"mycircle: @Circle = concrete as @Circle; let nonsense = mycircle.radius() * "
|
||||
"mycircle.area(); ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2204
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2203
|
||||
msgid "> ***Note:*** Trait inheritance does not actually work with objects yet"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2206
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2205
|
||||
msgid "## Deriving implementations for traits"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2213
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2212
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A small number of traits in `std` and `extra` can have implementations that "
|
||||
"can be automatically derived. These instances are specified by placing the "
|
||||
@@ -3842,17 +3818,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2217
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2216
|
||||
msgid "~~~ #[deriving(Eq)] struct Circle { radius: float }"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2221
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2220
|
||||
msgid "#[deriving(Rand, ToStr)] enum ABC { A, B, C } ~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2225
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2224
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The full list of derivable traits is `Eq`, `TotalEq`, `Ord`, `TotalOrd`, "
|
||||
"`Encodable` `Decodable`, `Clone`, `DeepClone`, `IterBytes`, `Rand`, `Zero`, "
|
||||
@@ -3860,19 +3836,19 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2227
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2226
|
||||
msgid "# Modules and crates"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2231
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2230
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust namespace is arranged in a hierarchy of modules. Each source (.rs) "
|
||||
"file represents a single module and may in turn contain additional modules."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2237
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2236
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3883,7 +3859,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2242
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2241
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3893,7 +3869,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2247
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2246
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The contents of modules can be imported into the current scope with the "
|
||||
"`use` keyword, optionally giving it an alias. `use` may appear at the "
|
||||
@@ -3901,14 +3877,14 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2253
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2252
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~ # mod farm { pub fn chicken() { } } # fn main() { // Bring `chicken` "
|
||||
"into scope use farm::chicken;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2263
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2262
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn chicken_farmer() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3923,7 +3899,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2270
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2269
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"These farm animal functions have a new keyword, `pub`, attached to them. The "
|
||||
"`pub` keyword modifies an item's visibility, making it visible outside its "
|
||||
@@ -3933,7 +3909,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2277
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2276
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Visibility restrictions in Rust exist only at module boundaries. This is "
|
||||
"quite different from most object-oriented languages that also enforce "
|
||||
@@ -3944,7 +3920,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2290
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2289
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~\n"
|
||||
@@ -3962,18 +3938,18 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2296
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2295
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" impl Farm {\n"
|
||||
" priv fn feed_chickens(&self) { ... }\n"
|
||||
" priv fn feed_cows(&self) { ... }\n"
|
||||
" fn feed_chickens(&self) { ... }\n"
|
||||
" fn feed_cows(&self) { ... }\n"
|
||||
" pub fn add_chicken(&self, c: Chicken) { ... }\n"
|
||||
" }\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2302
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2301
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
" pub fn feed_animals(farm: &Farm) {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3984,7 +3960,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2312
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2311
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -3999,12 +3975,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2314
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2313
|
||||
msgid "## Crates"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2318
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2317
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The unit of independent compilation in Rust is the crate: rustc compiles a "
|
||||
"single crate at a time, from which it produces either a library or an "
|
||||
@@ -4012,7 +3988,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2323
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2322
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When compiling a single `.rs` source file, the file acts as the whole "
|
||||
"crate. You can compile it with the `--lib` compiler switch to create a "
|
||||
@@ -4021,7 +3997,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2328
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2327
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Larger crates typically span multiple files and are, by convention, compiled "
|
||||
"from a source file with the `.rc` extension, called a *crate file*. The "
|
||||
@@ -4030,7 +4006,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2337
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2336
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"A typical crate file declares attributes associated with the crate that may "
|
||||
"affect how the compiler processes the source. Crate attributes specify "
|
||||
@@ -4041,34 +4017,34 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2341
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2340
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ { .xfail-test } // Crate linkage metadata #[link(name = \"farm\", vers "
|
||||
"= \"2.5\", author = \"mjh\")];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2344
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2343
|
||||
msgid "// Make a library (\"bin\" is the default) #[crate_type = \"lib\"];"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2347
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2346
|
||||
msgid "// Turn on a warning #[warn(non_camel_case_types)]"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2350
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2349
|
||||
msgid "// Link to the standard library extern mod std;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2355
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2354
|
||||
msgid "// Load some modules from other files mod cow; mod chicken; mod horse;"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2360
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2359
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"fn main() {\n"
|
||||
@@ -4078,7 +4054,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2367
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2366
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Compiling this file will cause `rustc` to look for files named `cow.rs`, "
|
||||
"`chicken.rs`, and `horse.rs` in the same directory as the `.rc` file, "
|
||||
@@ -4088,21 +4064,21 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2371
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2370
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `#[link(...)]` attribute provides meta information about the module, "
|
||||
"which other crates can use to load the right module. More about that later."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2374
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2373
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"To have a nested directory structure for your source files, you can nest "
|
||||
"mods:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2381
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2380
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.ignore}\n"
|
||||
@@ -4114,7 +4090,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2386
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2385
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The compiler will now look for `poultry/chicken.rs` and `poultry/turkey.rs`, "
|
||||
"and export their content in `poultry::chicken` and `poultry::turkey`. You "
|
||||
@@ -4123,12 +4099,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2388
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2387
|
||||
msgid "## Using other crates"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2396
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2395
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The `extern mod` directive lets you use a crate (once it's been compiled "
|
||||
"into a library) from inside another crate. `extern mod` can appear at the "
|
||||
@@ -4139,17 +4115,17 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2398
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2397
|
||||
msgid "For example, `extern mod std` links the [standard library]."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2400
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2399
|
||||
msgid "[standard library]: std/index.html"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2407
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2406
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"When a comma-separated list of name/value pairs appears after `extern mod`, "
|
||||
"the compiler front-end matches these pairs against the attributes provided "
|
||||
@@ -4159,22 +4135,22 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2409
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2408
|
||||
msgid "Our example crate declared this set of `link` attributes:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2413
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2412
|
||||
msgid "~~~~ #[link(name = \"farm\", vers = \"2.5\", author = \"mjh\")]; ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2415
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2414
|
||||
msgid "Which you can then link with any (or all) of the following:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2421
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2420
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test} extern mod farm; extern mod my_farm (name = \"farm\", "
|
||||
"vers = \"2.5\"); extern mod my_auxiliary_farm (name = \"farm\", author = "
|
||||
@@ -4182,45 +4158,45 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2424
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2423
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"If any of the requested metadata do not match, then the crate will not be "
|
||||
"compiled successfully."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2426
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2425
|
||||
msgid "## A minimal example"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2429
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2428
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Now for something that you can actually compile yourself, we have these two "
|
||||
"files:"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2435
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2434
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ // world.rs #[link(name = \"world\", vers = \"1.0\")]; pub fn explore() "
|
||||
"-> &str { \"world\" } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2441
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2440
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.xfail-test} // main.rs extern mod world; fn main() { println(~\"hello "
|
||||
"\" + world::explore()); } ~~~~"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2443
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2442
|
||||
msgid "Now compile and run like this (adjust to your platform if necessary):"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2450
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2449
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"~~~~ {.notrust}\n"
|
||||
@@ -4232,7 +4208,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2455
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2454
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Notice that the library produced contains the version in the filename as "
|
||||
"well as an inscrutable string of alphanumerics. These are both part of "
|
||||
@@ -4241,12 +4217,12 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2457
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2456
|
||||
msgid "## The standard library"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2462
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2461
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"The Rust standard library provides runtime features required by the "
|
||||
"language, including the task scheduler and memory allocators, as well as "
|
||||
@@ -4255,7 +4231,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2473
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2472
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[`std`] includes modules corresponding to each of the integer types, each of "
|
||||
"the floating point types, the [`bool`] type, [tuples], [characters], "
|
||||
@@ -4269,25 +4245,25 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2475
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2474
|
||||
msgid "### Standard Library injection and the Rust prelude"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2478
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2477
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"`std` is imported at the topmost level of every crate by default, as if the "
|
||||
"first line of each crate was"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2480
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2479
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid " extern mod std;\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2484
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2483
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"This means that the contents of std can be accessed from from any context "
|
||||
"with the `std::` path prefix, as in `use std::vec`, `use std::task::spawn`, "
|
||||
@@ -4295,7 +4271,7 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2489
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2488
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Additionally, `std` contains a `prelude` module that reexports many of the "
|
||||
"most common standard modules, types and traits. The contents of the prelude "
|
||||
@@ -4304,13 +4280,13 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2491
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2490
|
||||
#, no-wrap
|
||||
msgid " use std::prelude::*;\n"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2517
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2516
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[`std`]: std/index.html [`bool`]: std/bool.html [tuples]: std/tuple.html "
|
||||
"[characters]: std/char.html [strings]: std/str.html [vectors]: std/vec.html "
|
||||
@@ -4324,66 +4300,55 @@ msgid ""
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2519
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2518
|
||||
msgid "# What next?"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2522
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2521
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"Now that you know the essentials, check out any of the additional tutorials "
|
||||
"on individual topics."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2528
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2527
|
||||
msgid "[Borrowed pointers][borrow]"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2528
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2527
|
||||
msgid "[Tasks and communication][tasks]"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2528
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2527
|
||||
msgid "[Macros][macros]"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2528
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2527
|
||||
msgid "[The foreign function interface][ffi]"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Bullet: '* '
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2528
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2527
|
||||
msgid "[Containers and iterators](tutorial-container.html)"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2530
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2529
|
||||
msgid "There is further documentation on the [wiki]."
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2535
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2534
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[borrow]: tutorial-borrowed-ptr.html [tasks]: tutorial-tasks.html [macros]: "
|
||||
"tutorial-macros.html [ffi]: tutorial-ffi.html"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2541
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[wiki]: https://github.com/mozilla/rust/wiki/Docs [unit testing]: https://"
|
||||
"github.com/mozilla/rust/wiki/Doc-unit-testing [rustdoc]: https://github.com/"
|
||||
"mozilla/rust/wiki/Doc-using-rustdoc [cargo]: https://github.com/mozilla/rust/"
|
||||
"wiki/Doc-using-cargo-to-manage-packages [attributes]: https://github.com/"
|
||||
"mozilla/rust/wiki/Doc-attributes"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
#. type: Plain text
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2542
|
||||
msgid ""
|
||||
"[pound-rust]: http://chat.mibbit.com/?server=irc.mozilla.org&channel=%23rust"
|
||||
#: doc/tutorial.md:2536
|
||||
msgid "[wiki]: https://github.com/mozilla/rust/wiki/Docs"
|
||||
msgstr ""
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user