Remove a large amount of leb128-coded integers
This removes ~41%[^1] of the leb128-encoded integers serialized during libcore compilation by changing enum tags to opportunistically use `u8` where feasible instead of the leb128 coding via `usize`.
This should have effectively zero impact on metadata file sizes, since almost all or all enum tags fit into the 7 bits available in leb128 for single-byte encodings. Perf results indicate this is basically neutral across the board except for an improvement in bootstrap time.
[^1]: More than half the remaining integers still fit into <= 128, so the leb128 coding still makes sense. 32% are zero, and 46% are <= 4.
bors
68acb393c5