Rewrite docs for pointer methods
This takes over https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/51016 by @ecstatic-morse. They did most of the work, I just did some editing.
However, I realized one problem: This updates the docs for the "free functions" in `core::ptr`, but it does not update the copies of these docs for the inherent methods of the `*const T` and `*mut T` types. These getting out-of-sync is certainly bad, but I also don't feel like copying all this stuff around. Instead, we should remove this redundancy. Any good ideas?
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