diff --git a/src/tools/compiletest/src/common.rs b/src/tools/compiletest/src/common.rs
index 5070f016d3c6..69ac4644941d 100644
--- a/src/tools/compiletest/src/common.rs
+++ b/src/tools/compiletest/src/common.rs
@@ -376,6 +376,7 @@ pub struct Config {
     pub only_modified: bool,
 
     pub target_cfgs: OnceLock<TargetCfgs>,
+    pub builtin_cfg_names: OnceLock<HashSet<String>>,
 
     pub nocapture: bool,
 
@@ -443,6 +444,11 @@ pub fn can_unwind(&self) -> bool {
         self.target_cfg().panic == PanicStrategy::Unwind
     }
 
+    /// Get the list of builtin, 'well known' cfg names
+    pub fn builtin_cfg_names(&self) -> &HashSet<String> {
+        self.builtin_cfg_names.get_or_init(|| builtin_cfg_names(self))
+    }
+
     pub fn has_threads(&self) -> bool {
         // Wasm targets don't have threads unless `-threads` is in the target
         // name, such as `wasm32-wasip1-threads`.
@@ -654,6 +660,18 @@ pub enum Endian {
     Big,
 }
 
+fn builtin_cfg_names(config: &Config) -> HashSet<String> {
+    rustc_output(
+        config,
+        &["--print=check-cfg", "-Zunstable-options", "--check-cfg=cfg()"],
+        Default::default(),
+    )
+    .lines()
+    .map(|l| if let Some((name, _)) = l.split_once('=') { name.to_string() } else { l.to_string() })
+    .chain(std::iter::once(String::from("test")))
+    .collect()
+}
+
 fn rustc_output(config: &Config, args: &[&str], envs: HashMap<String, String>) -> String {
     let mut command = Command::new(&config.rustc_path);
     add_dylib_path(&mut command, iter::once(&config.compile_lib_path));
diff --git a/src/tools/compiletest/src/lib.rs b/src/tools/compiletest/src/lib.rs
index 0f514db42bf9..490df3132285 100644
--- a/src/tools/compiletest/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/tools/compiletest/src/lib.rs
@@ -362,6 +362,7 @@ fn make_absolute(path: PathBuf) -> PathBuf {
         force_rerun: matches.opt_present("force-rerun"),
 
         target_cfgs: OnceLock::new(),
+        builtin_cfg_names: OnceLock::new(),
 
         nocapture: matches.opt_present("nocapture"),
 
diff --git a/src/tools/compiletest/src/runtest.rs b/src/tools/compiletest/src/runtest.rs
index 7db37af60d2c..42e5dcf258fc 100644
--- a/src/tools/compiletest/src/runtest.rs
+++ b/src/tools/compiletest/src/runtest.rs
@@ -478,6 +478,9 @@ fn set_revision_flags(&self, cmd: &mut Command) {
                     "error: redundant cfg argument `{normalized_revision}` is already created by the revision"
                 );
             }
+            if self.config.builtin_cfg_names().contains(&normalized_revision) {
+                panic!("error: revision `{normalized_revision}` collides with a builtin cfg");
+            }
             cmd.args(cfg_arg);
         }
 
diff --git a/tests/ui/lint/lint-missing-doc-expect.rs b/tests/ui/lint/lint-missing-doc-expect.rs
index 991f65003dc2..b1abf8b69620 100644
--- a/tests/ui/lint/lint-missing-doc-expect.rs
+++ b/tests/ui/lint/lint-missing-doc-expect.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 // Make sure that `#[expect(missing_docs)]` is always correctly fulfilled.
 
 //@ check-pass
-//@ revisions: lib bin test
+//@ revisions: lib bin test_
 //@ [lib]compile-flags: --crate-type lib
 //@ [bin]compile-flags: --crate-type bin
-//@ [test]compile-flags: --test
+//@ [test_]compile-flags: --test
 
 #[expect(missing_docs)]
 pub fn foo() {}